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From: Panu <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
To: Orjan Johansen <oerjan@nvg.ntnu.no>
Cc: Esoteric Languages List <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Subject: [lang] Re: Monads and continuation passing style
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On Sat, Jun 14, 2003 at 05:32:25PM +0200, Orjan Johansen wrote:
> It occured to me that when introducing monadic typing to Io, _no_
> syntactic change is required.

I'm not exactly sure about what you mean by "monadic typing", if you
mean that we can have first-order parametric types with associated
operations that depend on the context, that might well be possible by
the language features of Io (which I don't know)...

But I guess you rather mean that the Io ";" operator is strong enough to
do most, if not all, of what Haskell's ">>=" operator can do.  However,
then the "intelligence" of ">>=" gets put into the primary monadic
operations, which means types cannot be made into monads "afterwards".

> passing style.  What I didn't know, but realized yesterday, was that
> continuation passing style itself is not limited to handle continuations,
> but can be used to handle any monad.

I can't come up with ways to handle anything other than state and flow
control monads.  How does one implement indeterminism, parser, and
parametric monads?

Panu

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Jul 22 23:01:43 2003
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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 20:55:57 +0100 (GMT Daylight Time)
From: Jeffrey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] FBBI bugs, Funge spec queries, and other fungi
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Hi,

I've found a few bugs in FBBI:

* The function stack_pop_string() will cut off the string terminator if
the terminator isn't stored on the stack; i.e. the program "tini"i will
try loading the file 'ini'
* The compressed text mode of 'o' cuts out all the spaces, instead of just
end-of-line spaces
* There's something very weird going on in the fingerprint unload code;
unloading a fingerprint doesn't seem to do anything. E.g. "AMOR"4()I
pushes a 1 onto the stack instead of causing a reflection. I've checked
the source code myself and can't work out why the semantics are remaining
loaded.
* The i instruction reports the number of newline characters in the file,
but not the number of actual lines (i.e. newlines+1). Trying to save the
file using the o instruction will then cut the last line off of the file,
because of this difference.
* Passing a negative argument to k will cause a very long wait as the
for(;c;c--) loop in the k function essentially treats the value as an
unsigned number. Instead it should probably iterate zero times, or cause a
reflection to flag it as an error or something.
* There's a bug of some kind in the wrapping function; the program # <@
either takes ages to run or gets stuck in an infinite loop somewhere.

I'm also looking to pick your brain on a couple of the finer points of the
Funge-98 spec:

* Which way is 'up' in Trefunge? The spec is actually contradictory on the
point. In the main text it lists h as setting the delta to (0,0,1), while
the table of instructions at the end lists it as (0,0,-1)
* What exactly should the { and } instructions do if n is zero or
negative? The spec suggests that {/} should always create/delete a stack,
but FBBI only does it if n>=0

Also where can I obtain a copy of the Befunge Diagnostics talked about in
the FBBI documentation? I've recently been writing my own Funge
interpreter and so would find them useful for testing.

Cheers,

Jeffrey

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Jul 23 01:53:15 2003
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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 17:51:20 -0500
From: Chris Pressey <cpressey@catseye.mb.ca>
Subject: [lang] Re: FBBI bugs, Funge spec queries, and other fungi
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On Tue, 22 Jul 2003 20:55:57 +0100 (GMT Daylight Time)
Jeffrey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk> wrote:

> Hi,

Hi.

> I've found a few bugs in FBBI:

Well, I need to brush up on my C coding skills anyway.  I'm in the
process of moving right now, so I might not be able to get to these for
a couple of weeks still.

> * The function stack_pop_string() will cut off the string terminator
> if the terminator isn't stored on the stack; i.e. the program "tini"i
> will try loading the file 'ini'
> * The compressed text mode of 'o' cuts out all the spaces, instead of
> just end-of-line spaces

These should be easy fixes.

> * There's something very weird going on in the fingerprint unload
> code; unloading a fingerprint doesn't seem to do anything. E.g.
> "AMOR"4()I pushes a 1 onto the stack instead of causing a reflection.
> I've checked the source code myself and can't work out why the
> semantics are remaining loaded.

That it does.  I'll have a look at it.

> * The i instruction reports the number of newline characters in the
> file, but not the number of actual lines (i.e. newlines+1). Trying to
> save the file using the o instruction will then cut the last line off
> of the file, because of this difference.

Should also be an easy fix.

> * Passing a negative argument to k will cause a very long wait as the
> for(;c;c--) loop in the k function essentially treats the value as an
> unsigned number. Instead it should probably iterate zero times, or
> cause a reflection to flag it as an error or something.

A negative argument to k is undefined by the spec.  FBBI should probably
do something more intelligent than treating k as unsigned long, but it's
not required to.

> * There's a bug of some kind in the wrapping function; the program #
> <@ either takes ages to run or gets stuck in an infinite loop
> somewhere.

This seems to happen when # is at an edge of the playfield.  Adding a
space before the # seems to yield the expected behaviour, but that's
just a workaround.  I don't know how easy this will be to fix.  It's a
good excuse for clarifying/simplifying/eliminating the definitions of
wrapping + space-skipping + behaviour of #, next time around.

> I'm also looking to pick your brain on a couple of the finer points of
> the Funge-98 spec:
> 
> * Which way is 'up' in Trefunge? The spec is actually contradictory on
> the point. In the main text it lists h as setting the delta to
> (0,0,1), while the table of instructions at the end lists it as
> (0,0,-1)

-1 is up.  Where the spec implies elsewise, it is in error.

> * What exactly should the { and } instructions do if n is zero
> or negative?

For { : "If n is negative, |n| zeroes are pushed onto the SOSS."
For } : "If n is negative, |n| cells are popped off of the (original)
SOSS."  From the spec.

> The spec suggests that {/} should always create/delete a
> stack, but FBBI only does it if n>=0

That's a bug then.

> Also where can I obtain a copy of the Befunge Diagnostics talked about
> in the FBBI documentation? I've recently been writing my own Funge
> interpreter and so would find them useful for testing.

They should be around somewhere.  I'll see if I can dig them up after I
move.

> Cheers,
> 
> Jeffrey

Thanks for the bug report!

-Chris

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Jul 23 03:29:51 2003
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Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2003 19:27:42 -0500
From: Chris Pressey <cpressey@catseye.mb.ca>
Subject: [lang] Re: FBBI bugs, Funge spec queries, and other fungi
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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See attached patch and notes below.

On Tue, 22 Jul 2003 17:51:20 -0500
Chris Pressey <cpressey@catseye.mb.ca> wrote:

> > * The function stack_pop_string() will cut off the string terminator
> > if the terminator isn't stored on the stack; i.e. the program
> > "tini"i will try loading the file 'ini'

Should be fixed now.

> > * The compressed text mode of 'o' cuts out all the spaces, instead
> > of just end-of-line spaces

Fixed.  Actually the non-compressed-text mode of o was a bit wonky as
well, that's fixed too.

> > * The i instruction reports the number of newline characters in the
> > file, but not the number of actual lines (i.e. newlines+1). Trying
> > to save the file using the o instruction will then cut the last line
> > off of the file, because of this difference.
> 
> Should also be an easy fix.

Should be fixed now.

> > The spec suggests that {/} should always create/delete a
> > stack, but FBBI only does it if n>=0
> 
> That's a bug then.

Should also be fixed.

Still the issues with fingerprints and wrapping, but the simpler stuff
should be taken care of with the attached patch.

-Chris


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--- src/bf98spc.c	Wed Mar 26 11:56:19 2003
+++ src/bf98spc.c	Tue Jul 22 19:12:22 2003
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
    Dynamic Befunge-Space ANSI C Functions - source.
    v0.98 Oct 1 1998 Chris Pressey
    v0.98a Mar 26 2003 Chris Pressey
+   v2003.0722 Chris Pressey
 
    Copyright (c)1998, 2001, 2003, Cat's Eye Technologies.
    All rights reserved.
@@ -288,6 +289,7 @@
       }
     }
   }
+  row++; /* bugfix 2003.0722 correct number of lines (= newlines + 1) */
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -310,11 +312,24 @@
       spccnt++;
       a = bfspace_fetch(p, col++, row);
     }
-    if (((flags & (long)0x1) != (long)0x1) && ((col-x) < w))
+    /* begin bugfix 2003.0722: compressed vs non-compressed text output */
+    if ((col-x) >= w)                       /* if we are past the right edge */
     {
+      if ((flags & (long)0x1) == (long)0x1) /* and we are compressing text */
+      {
+	/* print nothing */
+      } else
+      {
+	/* print spaces only */
+        for(i=0;i<spccnt;i++) fputc(' ', f);
+      }
+    } else
+    {
+      /* print spaces, then character */
       for(i=0;i<spccnt;i++) fputc(' ', f);
+      fputc((char)a, f);
     }
-    fputc((char)a, f);
+    /* end bugfix 2003.0722 */
     if (col-x >= w)
     {
       col = x;
--- src/f98i.c	Wed Mar 26 11:56:19 2003
+++ src/f98i.c	Tue Jul 22 19:19:41 2003
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
    Funge-98 Instructions - source.
    v0.98 Oct 1 1998 Chris Pressey
    v0.98a Mar 26 2003 Chris Pressey
+   v2003.0722 Chris Pressey
 
    Copyright (c)1998, 2001, 2003, Cat's Eye Technologies.
    All rights reserved.
@@ -219,17 +220,15 @@
         i->a++;
       }
     }
-  } else
+  } /* bugfix 2003.0722: { should still push a new stack on the SS */
+  if (ip_allocstack(i))
   {
-    if (ip_allocstack(i))
-    {
-      if (i->a > 0) ip_transfer(i, i->a);
-      ip_pushoffset(i, -1, i->sx);
-      ip_pushoffset(i, -1, i->sy);
-      i->sx = i->x + i->dx;
-      i->sy = i->y + i->dy;
-    } else ip_reverse(i);
-  }
+    if (i->a > 0) ip_transfer(i, i->a);
+    ip_pushoffset(i, -1, i->sx);
+    ip_pushoffset(i, -1, i->sy);
+    i->sx = i->x + i->dx;
+    i->sy = i->y + i->dy;
+  } else ip_reverse(i);
 }
 
 void fi_end   (ip * i)
@@ -246,17 +245,15 @@
         i->a++;
       }
     }
-  } else
-  {
-    /* check if there *is* a SOSS first */
-    if(ip_stacks_measure(i) > 1)
-    {
-      i->sy = ip_popoffset(i, -1);
-      i->sx = ip_popoffset(i, -1);
-      if (i->a > 0) ip_transfer(i, -1 * i->a);
-      ip_freestack(i);
-    } else ip_reverse(i);
-  }
+  }  /* bugfix 2003.0722: } should still attempt to pop the TOSS */
+  /* check if there *is* a SOSS first */
+  if(ip_stacks_measure(i) > 1)
+  {
+    i->sy = ip_popoffset(i, -1);
+    i->sx = ip_popoffset(i, -1);
+    if (i->a > 0) ip_transfer(i, -1 * i->a);
+    ip_freestack(i);
+  } else ip_reverse(i);
 }
 
 void fi_in    (ip * i)
--- src/f98stack.c	Wed Mar 26 11:56:19 2003
+++ src/f98stack.c	Tue Jul 22 19:10:49 2003
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
    Stack ANSI C Functions - source.
    v0.98 Oct 1 1998 Chris Pressey
    v0.98a Mar 26 2003 Chris Pressey
+   v2003.0722 Chris Pressey
 
    Copyright (c)1998, 2001, 2003, Cat's Eye Technologies.
    All rights reserved.
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@
     str[i++] = *(char *)x;
     x = stack_pop(s);
   }
+  if (s->sp == -1) i++; /* bugfix 2003.0722: EOS as string terminator */
   str[i] = (char)'\0';
 }
 

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From: Jeffrey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: FBBI bugs, Funge spec queries, and other fungi
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On Tue, 22 Jul 2003, Chris Pressey wrote:

> See attached patch and notes below.

Thanks for the info & patch.

Is a revised version of the Funge spec on the cards, in order to clarify the
unclear areas?

Hope the move goes well!

Cheers,

Jeffrey

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Subject: [lang] Re: FBBI bugs, Funge spec queries, and other fungi
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On Tue, 22 Jul 2003, Chris Pressey wrote:

> Still the issues with fingerprints and wrapping, but the simpler stuff
> should be taken care of with the attached patch.
>

Unfortunately there were some bugs in the pop string and file load bits of
your patch. Hope you don't mind me bug-fixing your code for you, but I've
included a new patch to fix:

* The pop string bug (End of stack as string terminator)
* The file load code (Report newlines+1 instead of newlines)
* The semantic unload code (Actually a bug in the semantic load code
stopping the semantics from being saved)
* The infinite loop in the wrapping code

Although there may still be issues with using # at the edge of
fungespace when in Befunge-93 mode (i.e. a # at the right edge will wrap
to x=0 instead of x=1)

Cheers,

Jeffrey
--810590-18855-1059333227=:-75994463
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Jul 28 08:05:12 2003
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Date: Mon, 28 Jul 2003 00:02:52 -0500
From: Chris Pressey <cpressey@catseye.mb.ca>
Subject: [lang] Re: FBBI bugs, Funge spec queries, and other fungi
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On Sun, 27 Jul 2003 20:13:47 +0100 (GMT Daylight Time)
Jeffrey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk> wrote:

> On Tue, 22 Jul 2003, Chris Pressey wrote:
> 
> > Still the issues with fingerprints and wrapping, but the simpler
> > stuff should be taken care of with the attached patch.
> >
> 
> Unfortunately there were some bugs in the pop string and file load
> bits of your patch. Hope you don't mind me bug-fixing your code for
> you, but I've included a new patch to fix:

Not at all, that's one thing open-source is so nice for!  Thanks!

A revision/errata document for the 98 spec will appear, eventually.

A 103 spec would be nice too, maybe if I find some spare time...
The thing is that 98 is about as refined as funge gets - anything more
would involve a significant detour, and while there's no shortage of
them, none of them really scream "funge".

Anyway.  Catch you on the flipside...
-Chris

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Jul 29 19:03:25 2003
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Date:	Tue, 29 Jul 2003 17:56:55 +0200 (CEST)
From:	Orjan Johansen <oerjan@nvg.ntnu.no>
To:	Esoteric Languages List <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Subject: [lang] Re: Monads and continuation passing style
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On Fri, 11 Jul 2003, Panu wrote:

> On Sat, Jun 14, 2003 at 05:32:25PM +0200, Orjan Johansen wrote:
> > It occured to me that when introducing monadic typing to Io, _no_
> > syntactic change is required.
>
> I'm not exactly sure about what you mean by "monadic typing", if you
> mean that we can have first-order parametric types with associated
> operations that depend on the context, that might well be possible by
> the language features of Io (which I don't know)...

I had the impression that Io is dynamically typed.

I was thinking of what happened if you translate Io to Haskell.  If you
continue to use continuation passing style, you can do it more or less
mechanically:

-> ... ; becomes \ ... ->
; alone becomes $
declare ... : ... becomes ... =3D ...

For pure functions this works automatically.  What I discovered is that
the same works for monadic operations if you define your primitive
operations to incorporate >>=3D, as you say.

I think what this amounts to mathematically is to use a Cont monad
transformer on your monad, to lift it into continuation passing style.
This ignores the newtype that is necessary if Haskell is to be
able to use the result as a monad.

> But I guess you rather mean that the Io ";" operator is strong enough to
> do most, if not all, of what Haskell's ">>=3D" operator can do.  However,
> then the "intelligence" of ">>=3D" gets put into the primary monadic
> operations, which means types cannot be made into monads "afterwards".

I think the monad transformer idea shows that you can wrap it back into a
haskell Monad afterwards, namely a continuation monad.

> > passing style.  What I didn't know, but realized yesterday, was that
> > continuation passing style itself is not limited to handle continuation=
s,
> > but can be used to handle any monad.
>
> I can't come up with ways to handle anything other than state and flow
> control monads.  How does one implement indeterminism, parser, and
> parametric monads?

I don't know anything about parser or parametric monads, but for
indeterminism I understand the problem is that the primary monadic
function takes monadic values as arguments.  Let's say we have a function

oneOf :: Ind b -> Ind b -> Ind b

In this case I see two solutions.  One in the spirit of Io is to make the
operation analogous to the Io boolean tests, which take two parameterless
continuations as argument:

oneOf1 :: Ind A -> Ind A -> Ind A

(I use A here to indicate the common type which all continuations
"eventually" return.)

Whoops, this is just the old oneOf again, with a slightly restricted type.
You can use it directly, but if you want to express (oneOf a b) >>=3D f in
continuation passing style, it becomes something like

oneOf (a $ f) (b $ f)

This is the same as in Io:  If you want your conditional branches to share
a final continuation, you must provide it explicitly to both.

Another solution is to use the fact that Ind b in ordinary style
corresponds to (b -> Ind A) -> Ind A in continuation passing style, so
then

oneOf2 :: ((b -> Ind A) -> Ind A) -> ((b -> Ind A) -> Ind A)
   -> (b -> Ind A) -> Ind A

That is, make the new version of the function take the arguments lifted by
the continuation transformer (I think.)  Note how the original result
automatically splits out an extra argument, a final continuation taking a
type b argument.

The second solution is more complicated, but I think it is also more
general.

Greetings,
=D8rjan.

--=20
My esoteric language page: <http://home.nvg.org/~oerjan/esoteric/>
(Mostly Unlambda.)  Latest contraption:  CHIQRSX9+ interpreter.

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Jul 29 20:45:37 2003
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From: "Laurent Vogel" <lvl@club-internet.fr>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Subject: [lang] [nouse] impossible?
Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2003 19:41:52 +0200
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Hi,

I've recently discovered Nouse. I've got the feeling that the language
is BF-complete, but I find it extremely hard to program anything in it
(apart for yet another Hello world)
Has anybody managed to write anything in this language?

Laurent


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sat Aug 02 21:58:31 2003
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From: "Laurent Vogel" <lvl@club-internet.fr>
To: <new99bottles@ls-la.net>
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Subject: [lang] [nouse] 99 bottles of beer
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Ninety nine bottles of beer - Nouse version.
Nouse page at http;//www.geocities.com/qpliu/nouse/nouse.html
Laurent Vogel (http;//lvogel.free.fr)

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sat Aug 02 23:57:39 2003
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Subject: [lang] Re: [nouse] 99 bottles of beer
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I wrote:

> Ninety nine bottles of beer - Nouse version.
> Nouse page at http;//www.geocities.com/qpliu/nouse/nouse.html
> Laurent Vogel (http;//lvogel.free.fr)

I can provide the (commented) source if anyone is interested.
Just ask.

Laurent


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Aug 05 23:19:05 2003
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Subject: [lang] New Thue interpreter
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Thue interpreter in Javascript:

http://cyberspace.org/~lament/thue.html

Shows all dataspace transformation step by step; highlights the substitutions. Should be good for debugging and understanding Thue code.

Have fun.


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Aug 07 18:11:41 2003
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> Thue interpreter in Javascript:
>
> http://cyberspace.org/~lament/thue.html

hi,
have you got any docs about thue somewhere? that was the first time i saw
thue code and i wanted to get some information, but i havent found any
resources on the net. the only homepage (cats eye) seems to be down. ill be
glad if you can make something accesible.

rgs
t.



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Aug 07 23:12:21 2003
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From: "Laurent Vogel" <lvl@club-internet.fr>
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t wrote:

> have you got any docs about thue somewhere? that was the first time i saw
> thue code and i wanted to get some information, but i havent found any
> resources on the net. the only homepage (cats eye) seems to be down. ill
be
> glad if you can make something accesible.

I've got some thue resources and can publish it if anybody is interested:
- the original thue distribution
- a variant of thue with better control on output (no newline output by
  default, and a way of outputting a single newline)
- patches for interpreters to implement that variant
- a thue debugger in perl
- a quine in variant thue
- a program printing fibonacci numbers
- a thue-to-sed compiler written in sed

I can put it on a page if anybody's interested.

Laurent



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Aug 07 23:20:49 2003
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patch for cnouse.c, found at

  http://www.geocities.com/qpliu/nouse/

which is buggy when compiled on machines with signed chars.

I recently discovered nouse, but I'm geting addict. It's just the
right mix of perversity, yet allowing turing completeness (proven
by implementation of a rule110 automaton) and probably bf completeness
(by bf-completeness, I mean the existence of a compiler from bf to
that language). I haven't written the bf compiler yet, but I *begin* to
have a faint idea as how to write it...

stay tuned.

Oh, and just for fun, here is a shorted version of Hello, world! in only
35 instructions. I offer my deep consideration to anyone who manages to
create an even shorter Hello, world! :-)

#1<a>c>s>6+1+0>0>9>i+1+0>z>q>c+0:4>f+0?z>n+0<x>q+0^y>7+1+0#r>r>n>6+1+1

Laurent

--

3d2
< /* minor portability changes 2003 Laurent Vogel */
26c25
< static unsigned char *r;
---
> static char *r;
29c28
< static unsigned char *s;
---
> static char *s;
31,35c30,31
< /* size of memory allocation chunk */
< #define AC 1024
<
< #define SSZ(sz) ((sz) >= sal && ((s = realloc(s,sal=(sz)+AC)) ||
(perror("realloc"), exit(1), 0)))
< #define RSZ(sz) ((sz) >= ral && ((r = realloc(r,ral=(sz)+AC)) ||
(perror("realloc"), exit(1), 0)))
---
> #define SSZ(sz) ((sz) >= sal && ((s = realloc(s,sal=(sz)+10)) ||
(perror("realloc"), exit(1), 0)))
> #define RSZ(sz) ((sz) >= ral && ((r = realloc(r,ral=(sz)+10)) ||
(perror("realloc"), exit(1), 0)))
105c101
<    { unsigned char *t = r; r = s; s = t; }
---
>    { char *t = r; r = s; s = t; }
118c114
<  ral = AC;
---
>  ral = 10;
121c117
<  sal = AC;
---
>  sal = 10;
128,129c124,125
<    if (!strchr(ops,c)) continue;
<    op = strchr(ops,c)-ops;
---
>    if (!index(ops,c)) continue;
>    op = index(ops,c)-ops;
135,136c131,132
<    if (!strchr(mults,c)) continue;
<    c = op + (strchr(mults,c) - mults)*7;
---
>    if (!index(mults,c)) continue;
>    c = op + (index(mults,c) - mults)*7;
151,152c147,148
<   fputs("can't open file\n", stderr);
<   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
---
>   puts("can't open file");
>   exit(1);



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Aug 07 23:32:14 2003
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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "t." <tw85@go2.pl>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Sent: Thursday, August 07, 2003 5:07 PM
Subject: [lang] Re: New Thue interpreter


> > Thue interpreter in Javascript:
> >
> > http://cyberspace.org/~lament/thue.html
> 
> hi,
> have you got any docs about thue somewhere? 

oh, there's also a bf interpreter in thue, along with a thue interpreter
in python, at

  http://fvdp.homestead.com/files/eso_index.html

Laurent


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 08 03:44:14 2003
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From: Panu <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
To: Laurent Vogel <lvl@club-internet.fr>
Cc: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: New Thue interpreter
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On Thu, Aug 07, 2003 at 10:08:21PM +0200, Laurent Vogel wrote:
> I've got some thue resources and can publish it if anybody is interested:

By all means.  I've been longing for more presence for Thue, because I
like it (for theoretical reasons :)).

> - the original thue distribution
> - a variant of thue with better control on output (no newline output by
>   default, and a way of outputting a single newline)
> - patches for interpreters to implement that variant
> - a thue debugger in perl
> - a quine in variant thue
> - a program printing fibonacci numbers
> - a thue-to-sed compiler written in sed
> 
> I can put it on a page if anybody's interested.

Good idea.

-- 
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work contact: pkalliok@ling.helsinki.fi, +35850 3678003
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 08 04:07:36 2003
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From: Panu <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
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Subject: [lang] Esoteric languages database
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I'm not sure whether this has been announced on the list before, but the
esoteric languages database (or whatever it is called at any one moment)
seems to be happy, alive and kicking at

http://www.kraml.at/stupid/

-- 
personal contact: atehwa@iki.fi, +35841 5323835
work contact: pkalliok@ling.helsinki.fi, +35850 3678003
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 08 17:12:10 2003
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Hello Laurent!

Friday, August 08, 2003, 12:17:41 AM, you wrote:

> Oh, and just for fun, here is a shorted version of Hello, world! in only
> 35 instructions. I offer my deep consideration to anyone who manages to
> create an even shorter Hello, world! :-)

> #1<a>c>s>6+1+0>0>9>i+1+0>z>q>c+0:4>f+0?z>n+0<x>q+0^y>7+1+0#r>r>n>6+1+1

Here is 34:

#1<a>0+0:4>0+r+0<x>f>l?z>0+0#r>0+0^y>0+0>c>0+0>z>z:c+t+7>b>0>0+6+b+d

And perhaps optimal is around 30.

--
Mtv Europe
http://www.frox25.no-ip.org/~mtve/


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----- Original Message -----
From: Panu <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
Date: Thursday, August 7, 2003 6:02 pm
Subject: [lang] Esoteric languages database

> I'm not sure whether this has been announced on the list before, 
> but the
> esoteric languages database (or whatever it is called at any one 
> moment)seems to be happy, alive and kicking at
> 
> http://www.kraml.at/stupid/

Except that it

1) Consists of links to other resources - mostly to the defunct catseye
2) Insults esoteric programming languages by calling them "stupid"
3) Insults Brainfuck by renaming it "Brainfork" without any explanation

...


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 08 23:40:54 2003
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To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
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I wrote:

> I've got some thue resources and can publish it if anybody is interested:
> - the original thue distribution
> - a variant of thue with better control on output (no newline output by
>   default, and a way of outputting a single newline)
> - patches for interpreters to implement that variant
> - a thue debugger in perl
> - a quine in variant thue
> - a program printing fibonacci numbers
> - a thue-to-sed compiler written in sed

well, it's at

  http://lvogel.free.fr/thue.htm

I urge any Thue programmers to adopt the variant I describe on that page.
Happy Thue hacking.

Laurent


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Mtv wrote:

> > Oh, and just for fun, here is a shorted version of Hello, world! in only
> > 35 instructions. I offer my deep consideration to anyone who manages to
> > create an even shorter Hello, world! :-)
>
> > #1<a>c>s>6+1+0>0>9>i+1+0>z>q>c+0:4>f+0?z>n+0<x>q+0^y>7+1+0#r>r>n>6+1+1
>
> Here is 34:
>
> #1<a>0+0:4>0+r+0<x>f>l?z>0+0#r>0+0^y>0+0>c>0+0>z>z:c+t+7>b>0>0+6+b+d

Aaaargh! I'm flabbergasted. I'll scrutinize this closely during the
week-end. Did you create it on the spot, or did you have it in store
already?

Laurent



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sat Aug 09 18:04:42 2003
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Hello Laurent!

Saturday, August 09, 2003, 12:41:29 AM, you wrote:

> Aaaargh! I'm flabbergasted. I'll scrutinize this closely during the
> week-end. Did you create it on the spot, or did you have it in store
> already?

I started programming on nouse just yesterday.  Not that I love it
(I think it's just a poor imitation of Malbolge), but I was attracted
by the task you proposed.   I've bruteforced your scheme with few
euristics, and some of my crunchers are still running... aha, here is 33:

#r<a>z+x>y^y+z>c>z>t:4+z#0^f>z>0?z^0+z>z+9<x#1+z:3>w>z#r+i^0>c>z>0

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sun Aug 10 11:50:56 2003
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Mtv Europe wrote:
> 
> I started programming on nouse just yesterday.  Not that I love it
> (I think it's just a poor imitation of Malbolge). 

Ah, I don't know Malbolge (yet), so I can't comment on this. But I like
your bruteforce approach. OTOH, the "99 bottles of beer" entry I
posted some time ago was hand-written (using the right amount of 
pre-processors of course), not found by computer. 

Laurent


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Aug 11 02:20:32 2003
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From: Panu <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: Esoteric languages database
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On Fri, Aug 08, 2003 at 10:01:13AM -0700, ayzik@shaw.ca wrote:
> > moment)seems to be happy, alive and kicking at
> > http://www.kraml.at/stupid/
> Except that it
> 1) Consists of links to other resources - mostly to the defunct catseye

AFAIK, this was its purpose from the beginning.  I didn't try, but one
should be able to easily add functioning resources...

> 2) Insults esoteric programming languages by calling them "stupid"
> 3) Insults Brainfuck by renaming it "Brainfork" without any explanation

I'm sure brainfuck is very pissed off. :)  Seriously though, I get the
impression he's not even trying to be objective nor does he claim to be,
so what's the problem?

Panu

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> > > http://www.kraml.at/stupid/
> > Except that it
> > 1) Consists of links to other resources - mostly to the defunct catseye

BTW, does anyone know what is going on with catseye?

rgs
t.



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Aug 12 01:03:26 2003
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Subject: [lang] Re: New Thue interpreter
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> I urge any Thue programmers to adopt the variant I describe on 
> that page.

I don't like it (the newline thing). It is weird and artificial and I don't see why a single output string can't contain many newlines.

I would prefer escape sequences \n and \\, or something like that.

Of course, my Javascript Thue interpreter outputs HTML code, so this is not an issue (newlines are <br>).


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Aug 12 08:42:11 2003
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ayzik wrote:

> > I urge any Thue programmers to adopt the variant I describe on 
> > that page.
> 
> I don't like it (the newline thing). It is weird and artificial and 
> I don't see why a single output string can't contain many newlines.

I adopted it at first, because it wanted something simple, and I
didn't want to break existing programs (most notably, the BF interperter).

> I would prefer escape sequences \n and \\, or something like that.

This is certainly an option. But then, do you extend it to the other
strings (RHS, LHS and initial data) as well? If so, the BF interpreter 
needs to be rewriten (it contains backslashes IIRC).

> Of course, my Javascript Thue interpreter outputs HTML code, so 
> this is not an issue (newlines are <br>).

yes, but you don't write quines in html :-(
I'm ready to adopt another convention if it becomes a thue standard.

Laurent


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> > > I urge any Thue programmers to adopt the variant I describe on 
> > > that page.
> > 
> > I don't like it (the newline thing). It is weird and artificial 
> and 
> > I don't see why a single output string can't contain many newlines.
> 
> I adopted it at first, because it wanted something simple, and I
> didn't want to break existing programs (most notably, the BF 
> interperter).
> > I would prefer escape sequences \n and \\, or something like that.
> 
> This is certainly an option. But then, do you extend it to the other
> strings (RHS, LHS and initial data) as well? If so, the BF 
> interpreter 
> needs to be rewriten (it contains backslashes IIRC).

Sure, why not?.. The dataspace, it seems, may contain newlines. It would make sense to have an ability to use them.

Since the BF interpreter is pretty much the only big Thue program, and substituting the backslashes with another character is trivial, I vote for escape sequences everywhere.


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From: "Laurent Vogel" <lvl@club-internet.fr>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
References: <45d2d9459ff3.459ff345d2d9@shaw.ca>
Subject: [lang] Re: New Thue interpreter
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ayzik wrote:
> > > I would prefer escape sequences \n and \\, or something like that.
> > 

> Sure, why not?.. The dataspace, it seems, may contain newlines. It 
> would make sense to have an ability to use them.
> 
> Since the BF interpreter is pretty much the only big Thue program, 
> and substituting the backslashes with another character is trivial, 
> I vote for escape sequences everywhere.

Okay, so what do you suggest ?
- \a, \b, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v interpreted as in C
- \x is the same as x for any other character x ?

or do you think \123 and \xFF should be added too? 

what about newlines in initial data? is

  ...::=...
  ::=
  abc
  def

equivalent to

  ...::=...
  ::=
  abcdef

or to

  ...::=...
  ::= 
  abc\ndef

? In the latter case, would it be necessary to specify

  ...::=...
  ::=
  abc\
  def
  
to have an initial data equal to "abcdef"?

Regards,

Laurent


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From: ayzik@shaw.ca
Subject: [lang] Re: New Thue interpreter
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> > > > I would prefer escape sequences \n and \\, or something like 
> that.> > 
> 
> > Sure, why not?.. The dataspace, it seems, may contain newlines. 
> It 
> > would make sense to have an ability to use them.
> > 
> > Since the BF interpreter is pretty much the only big Thue 
> program, 
> > and substituting the backslashes with another character is 
> trivial, 
> > I vote for escape sequences everywhere.
> 
> Okay, so what do you suggest ?
> - \a, \b, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v interpreted as in C
> - \x is the same as x for any other character x ?

I think \\ and \n should be enough. Although \b is neat, of course :)
 
> or do you think \123 and \xFF should be added too?

How about this: \\ is a backslash, \n is a newline. Everything else is implementation-dependant (and implementations are welcome to implement things like \xFF - chances are they won't ever be used in any Thue program anyway :))

> what about newlines in initial data? is
> 
>  ...::=...
>  ::=
>  abc
>  def
> 
> equivalent to
> 
>  ...::=...
>  ::=
>  abcdef
> 
> or to
> 
>  ...::=...
>  ::= 
>  abc\ndef

The latter would make more sense, if newlines are allowed in rules.

> ? In the latter case, would it be necessary to specify
> 
>  ...::=...
>  ::=
>  abc\
>  def
>  
> to have an initial data equal to "abcdef"?

Yeah. Would that also break the BF interpreter?



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Aug 13 10:55:16 2003
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Let me propose something else (just a proposition).

Transformation rules are as before, and no escape characters are
admitted in rules. This is not as bad as it seems, since if '\n'
appears in rules and neither '\' nor 'n' appear elsewhere in rules,
then '\n' is never separated and acts as a single character.

OTOH, on output escape sequences are interpreted. So outputting
'\n' would produce a newline.

On input (I don't remember if Thue performs input ;-)
control codes would be translated to escape sequences.

But, I guess accepting escape sequences everywhere is more tempting...


ayzik@shaw.ca wrote:
> 
> > > > > I would prefer escape sequences \n and \\, or something like
> > that.> >
> >
> > > Sure, why not?.. The dataspace, it seems, may contain newlines.
> > It
> > > would make sense to have an ability to use them.
> > >
> > > Since the BF interpreter is pretty much the only big Thue
> > program,
> > > and substituting the backslashes with another character is
> > trivial,

Yes, specially if '\\' is the escape sequence for '\'.

> > > I vote for escape sequences everywhere.
> >
> > Okay, so what do you suggest ?
> > - \a, \b, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v interpreted as in C
> > - \x is the same as x for any other character x ?
> 
> I think \\ and \n should be enough. Although \b is neat, of course :)
> 
> > or do you think \123 and \xFF should be added too?

I think the ability to access such characters should be added to. If
\n matters, why shouldn't \t or \007 ? To make things easier, octal
escapes could be exactly '\' + 3 digits long, and hexadecimal escapes
could be exactly '\x' + 2 digits long.

> 
> How about this: \\ is a backslash, \n is a newline. Everything
> else is implementation-dependant 

I don't like language implementation dependencies. They're bad. (OTOH,
they're useful when you're trying to implement such languages in other
esoteric languages ;-)

> (and implementations are welcome
> to implement things like \xFF - chances are they won't ever be used
> in any Thue program anyway :))

Except that when writing my BF interpreter I felt I'd be happy with
more characters... (more displayable ones, preferably.)

> 
> > what about newlines in initial data? is
> >
> >  ...::=...
> >  ::=
> >  abc
> >  def
> >
> > equivalent to
> >
> >  ...::=...
> >  ::=
> >  abcdef
> >
> > or to
> >
> >  ...::=...
> >  ::=
> >  abc\ndef
> 
> The latter would make more sense, if newlines are allowed in rules.

And it's easy to suppress newlines at runtime:
\n::=

> 
> > ? In the latter case, would it be necessary to specify
> >
> >  ...::=...
> >  ::=
> >  abc\
> >  def
> >
> > to have an initial data equal to "abcdef"?
> 
> Yeah. Would that also break the BF interpreter?

The BF interpreter blocks on any non-BF character in the program. And \n is
not a BF character. Of course, we can add rules to suppress them.

More generally, there's the problem that about any non-trivial Thue program 
will be unable to process arbitrary input cleanly, since all rules apply
to input, even if they (ideally) shouldn't.
I'm not sure we need to do anything against that, though.

Frédéric vdP


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Aug 13 20:04:40 2003
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Subject: [lang] Re: New Thue interpreter
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> More generally, there's the problem that about any non-trivial 
> Thue program 
> will be unable to process arbitrary input cleanly, since all rules 
> applyto input, even if they (ideally) shouldn't.
> I'm not sure we need to do anything against that, though.

The only solution to that I could think of was to validate input via regexes. E.g. instead of ::: you'd have ::[][+-,.<>]::

And that's so horrendously ugly that it probably deserves its own esoteric language. Oh wait, sed :)


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> > More generally, there's the problem that about any non-trivial
> > Thue program
> > will be unable to process arbitrary input cleanly, since all rules
> > applyto input, even if they (ideally) shouldn't.
> > I'm not sure we need to do anything against that, though.
>
> The only solution to that I could think of was to validate input via
regexes.

other solutions:
1) convert each input byte to two hexadecimal chars, and do the reverse
  for output
2) same as 1 but in binary format (8 binary digits)
3) add fake chars (outside the 0..255 range) inside Thue. For instance,
  \A ... \Z are non-(0..255) chars, which mean any rule containing such
  fake chars cannot trigger by accident on input.

Laurent



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Aug 27 14:13:31 2003
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From: Cal Henderson <cal@iamcal.com>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: [nouse] short hello world
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At 16:05 GMT 09.08.03, Mtv Europe <j7@id.ru> wrote:
: I started programming on nouse just yesterday.  Not that I love it
: (I think it's just a poor imitation of Malbolge), but I was attracted
: by the task you proposed.   I've bruteforced your scheme with few
: euristics, and some of my crunchers are still running... aha, here is 33:
: 
: #r<a>z+x>y^y+z>c>z>t:4+z#0^f>z>0?z^0+z>z+9<x#1+z:3>w>z#r+i^0>c>z>0

i don't have a short hello world, but i have just written
a nouse interpreter in perl:
http://search.cpan.org/author/IAMCAL/Language-Nouse-0.02

and also an inline version (because writing perl subs in nouse
is a sorely needed feature):
http://search.cpan.org/author/IAMCAL/Inline-Nouse-0.02


--cal


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I slapped together a lex parser generator and a syntax parser generator. Not really esoteric, not really documented, but still seemed appropriate for this list. Questions? Comments? Flames? Please share.

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Aug 28 23:51:31 2003
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From: "Laurent Vogel" <lvl@club-internet.fr>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Cc: <cal@iamcal.com>
References: <20030827110613.D1C2836C10C@neuron.neuron1.com>
Subject: [lang] Re: [nouse] short hello world
Date: Thu, 28 Aug 2003 22:47:36 +0200
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Cal Henderson wrote:
>
> i don't have a short hello world, but i have just written
> a nouse interpreter in perl:
> http://search.cpan.org/author/IAMCAL/Language-Nouse-0.02

Your interpretor works fine on existing programs (like, the 99 bottles
of beer entry already published in this list) once the following patch 
is applied (leading TABs may not be rendered correctly in mail):

54,57c54,55
<  # strip other characters
<  $input =~ s/[^$op$mul]//g;
< 
<  while ($input =~ m/([$op])([$mul])/g){
---
>  # read the next op, then the next mul, ignoring other characters.
>  while ($input =~ m/[^#:<>+?^]*([$op])[^0-9a-z_]*([$mul])/g){

(perl note: I'm not accustomed to the qr// construct, so I don't
know if it is a bug, but expressions like [^$op] fail on my 
perl v5.8.0 built for cygwin-multi-64int, which is why I resorted
to [^#:<>+?^]* instead)

The perl version is somewhat slower than the C version, of course.

regards,

Laurent Vogel


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 29 10:07:15 2003
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From: "Laurent Vogel" <lvl@club-internet.fr>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Subject: [lang] [nouse] some programs
Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2003 09:03:14 +0200
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Hi,

it turns out I will lack time in the near future to publish a proper
nouse page. In the interim I've just published the following nouse
programs:
  beer.no - classical 99 bottles of beer
  quine.no - a self reproducing program
  rule110.no - a rule 110 cellular automaton. Since rule 110 is universal, 
    I understand that this demonstrates that nouse is Turing-complete.
at the following location:

  http://lvogel.free.fr/misc.htm

I've also put a version of the C interpreter, as the C version in the
original distribution is buggy.

Laurent Vogel


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 29 12:19:44 2003
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Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2003 02:17:33 -0700
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From: "Daniel." <cristofd@hevanet.com>
Subject: [lang] Re: [nouse] some programs
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>   rule110.no - a rule 110 cellular automaton. Since rule 110 is universal,
>     I understand that this demonstrates that nouse is Turing-complete.

Maybe. I don't know any details about the use of rule 110 for 
computation, but it might require that the parts of the field left 
and right of the finite input area be filled with an infinite 
repeating pattern other than "...0 0 0 0 0...". And I don't know 
whether your implementation allows simulating this--its input format 
is not described.
-Daniel.
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 29 19:36:59 2003
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On Fri, 29 Aug 2003, Daniel. wrote:

> >   rule110.no - a rule 110 cellular automaton. Since rule 110 is univers=
al,
> >     I understand that this demonstrates that nouse is Turing-complete.
>
> Maybe. I don't know any details about the use of rule 110 for
> computation, but it might require that the parts of the field left
> and right of the finite input area be filled with an infinite
> repeating pattern other than "...0 0 0 0 0...". And I don't know
> whether your implementation allows simulating this--its input format
> is not described.

I did some experimenting with rule 110 a while ago, and it is in fact
possible to grow "ether" (i.e. 10011011111000 repeated) _leftwards_ into a
=2E..0000 pattern (at speed -1/2, which is the same as the maximal leftward
speed of a disturbance in ether).  Nothing can grow rightwards into a
0000... pattern, of course.  Since this allows unbounded growth in one
direction, it would surprise me if there is a barrier to Turing
completeness, although I haven't read the proof of that.

Although it is not in a presentable form, I have just put the (text with
vim folds) file with my investigations at
<http://www.nvg.org/~oerjan/r110.txt>.  It contains:

1) Some nearly unreadable calculations from my (failed) attempt to
discover a "relativistic transformation" in the rule 110 automaton,
after I discovered some apparent order in the velocities of the known
gliders. I still don't know whether it is really impossible.

Basically, if v is a possible velocity for a glider in ether, then it
seems like (13v-4)/(-12v+15) may also be one.  Is there a systematic way
of transforming the "space-time" to show this, similar to a Lorentz
transformation in special relativity?

2) A listing of the 6 essential possibilities for a disturbance
travelling leftwards into ...0000.  Toward the right, each of them
becomes a field of gliders in ether, 4 of which go leftwards at speed
-1/2, and so can be used to grow ether leftwards.

3) Sketch of a proof that no leftward disturbance in ether can travel
faster than -1/2.

(Rightwards the max speed is 2/3, and in ether no speed strictly between
1/5 and 2/3 is possible.  This can be shown similarly to the -1/2
result, but simpler (no offsets necessary).  I have also read a claim
that no glider speed between 0 and 1/5 is possible, but I don't see how
to prove this.)

Greetings,
=D8rjan.

--=20
My esoteric language page: <http://home.nvg.org/~oerjan/esoteric/>
(Mostly Unlambda.)  Latest contraption:  CHIQRSX9+ interpreter.



From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Aug 29 20:01:09 2003
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Subject: [lang] Re: [nouse] some programs
Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2003 18:58:47 +0200
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Daniel wrote:

> >   rule110.no - a rule 110 cellular automaton. Since rule 110 is
universal,
> >     I understand that this demonstrates that nouse is Turing-complete.
>
> Maybe. I don't know any details about the use of rule 110 for
> computation, but it might require that the parts of the field left
> and right of the finite input area be filled with an infinite
> repeating pattern other than "...0 0 0 0 0...".

well, I don't know either. Available articles on the net catalogue
gliders moving trhough a particular repeating pattern called the
"ether". But it looks like a single 1 as initial data eventually fills
the universe with this "ether" perturbated with some gliders, so it
may well be that a universal machine can be implemented in rule 110
with only repeating 0 as filling pattern.

> And I don't know whether your implementation allows simulating
> this--its input format is not described.

This implementation doesn't. The input is a newline-ended string of 0 and
1 making the finite initial condition (the rest of the infinite area
being filled with 0).

Hhm, I guess it means I'm up to writing a bf interpreter/compiler then?
or does anyone on this list know of *simple* systems that, once
implemented, are a proof of turing completeness?

Laurent



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Subject: [lang] [thue] output
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Hi,
don't you think that it would be useful in Thue, when performing output, LHS
could evaluate into something anyway (not just leave an emtpy string). It
could be used like that:

LHS::=RHS~output string

IMO lack of this is very constraining. For example, following code would
output characters always in the same manner:

a`::=`~A
b`::=`~B
c`::=`~C
::=
abc`

IMO it would be good to include it in the possible Thue+ (?) standard among
with other features considered recently. BTW I think that outputting
newlines should be done through "\n" and "\\". It is not necessary to
include them anywhere else except output strings.

waiting for your opinions.

rgs
dil*








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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Sep 01 12:18:43 2003
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Subject: [lang] Re: [thue] output
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t. wrote:
> don't you think that it would be useful in Thue, when performing output,
LHS
> could evaluate into something anyway (not just leave an emtpy string). It
> could be used like that:
>
> LHS::=RHS~output string
>
> IMO lack of this is very constraining.

not very constraining, it just requires that two rules be used to output.

> For example, following code would output characters always in the
> same manner:
>
> a`::=`~A
> b`::=`~B
> c`::=`~C
> ::=
> abc`

achiveable in current Thue like this:

a`::=@A`
b`::=@B`
c`::=@C`
@A::=~A
@B::=~B
@C::=~C
::=
abc`

> IMO it would be good to include it in the possible Thue+ (?) standard
among
> with other features considered recently.

I would vote against it.

> BTW I think that outputting
> newlines should be done through "\n" and "\\". It is not necessary to
> include them anywhere else except output strings.

Okay, I'll try to summarise proposals done in this area and submit
something to vote (?) as standard.

Laurent



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Sep 01 15:37:24 2003
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> > LHS::=RHS~output string
> >
> > IMO lack of this is very constraining.
>
> not very constraining, it just requires that two rules be used to output.

if not constraining, at least inconsistent and inconvenient. If it was, the
whole outputting would be more like some side effect occuring when a rule is
applied, not restricting the abilities of a rule.

rgs
t.



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Orjan Johansen wrote:
[...]
> I did some experimenting with rule 110 a while ago, and it is in fact
> possible to grow "ether" (i.e. 10011011111000 repeated) _leftwards_ into a
> ...0000 pattern (at speed -1/2, which is the same as the maximal leftward
> speed of a disturbance in ether).  Nothing can grow rightwards into a
> 0000... pattern, of course.  Since this allows unbounded growth in one
> direction, it would surprise me if there is a barrier to Turing
> completeness, although I haven't read the proof of that.
> 
> Although it is not in a presentable form, I have just put the (text with
> vim folds) file with my investigations at
> <http://www.nvg.org/~oerjan/r110.txt>.  It contains:
> 
> 1) Some nearly unreadable calculations from my (failed) attempt to
> discover a "relativistic transformation" in the rule 110 automaton,
> after I discovered some apparent order in the velocities of the known
> gliders. I still don't know whether it is really impossible.
> 
> Basically, if v is a possible velocity for a glider in ether, then it
> seems like (13v-4)/(-12v+15) may also be one.  Is there a systematic way
> of transforming the "space-time" to show this, similar to a Lorentz
> transformation in special relativity?

Looks plausible (at very first sight). That would be nice.

> 
> 2) A listing of the 6 essential possibilities for a disturbance
> travelling leftwards into ...0000.  Toward the right, each of them
> becomes a field of gliders in ether, 4 of which go leftwards at speed
> -1/2, and so can be used to grow ether leftwards.
> 
> 3) Sketch of a proof that no leftward disturbance in ether can travel
> faster than -1/2.
> 
> (Rightwards the max speed is 2/3, and in ether no speed strictly between
> 1/5 and 2/3 is possible.  This can be shown similarly to the -1/2
> result, but simpler (no offsets necessary).  I have also read a claim
> that no glider speed between 0 and 1/5 is possible, but I don't see how
> to prove this.)
> 
> Greetings,
> Řrjan.

Are there good sites online on this rule 110 ?

From a few experiments (read "the future of ...0001000..."),
there appear to be different kinds of "ethers", 
i.e. solutions periodic both in space and time. There are perturbations
which determine the progression of a kind of ether into another kind.

About universality (TC) of the automaton, does someone know if Wolfram
proves it in its book ?

Frédéric vdP




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Hi,

From the discussion concerning how to output newlines in Thue,
I think most people were in favor of the most simple alteration
of the rule:

  rules of the form
    <left-hand-side> ::=~ <right-hand-side>
  when triggered, remove one occurrence of the left hand side
  from the data space, and output the right-hand-side string,
  interpreting escape sequences in the right hand side thus:
  - "\n" means a newline
  - "\\" means a single backslash
  - any other \something combination is implementation-dependant.

I propose that the last "implementation-dependant" sentence can
only be removed when someone provides support for other escape
sequences in existing interpreters.

If this simple proposal meets agrrement in this list, I propose
to publish revised versions or patches of the existing
interpreters.

With these proposed rules, here is my revised Thue quine:

----8<---- revised thue quine
\>::=~ Thue quine, September 2003, Laurent Vogel
\n~::=2210001112000100020120000112200210220120211220221000110n01
>0::=0>~00
\2::=\~2
\n01::=22100021120011001201200011112020200101222022011220221000210n02
>1::=1>~01
~220::=~\\
\n02::=22101001120221102122111200210022012000211012110210111220221010010n10
>n::=<n
>2::=2>~02
1<::=<1
\n10::=221010111022110210211221211022120220112200010220120011220221010110n11
2<::=<2
n<::=n>\
\0::=\~0
\n11::=221010211220011022012011100211021001112000010120011220221010210n12
\1::=\~1
0<::=<0
~00::=~0
\n12::=221020011120001101201111200021012021112010010121011220221020010n20
~01::=~1
~02::=~2
~10::=~::=
\n20::=2210201111201011012220221111201021012121112020010122011220221020110n2
1
~11::=~\n
~12::=~~
~20::=~>
\n21::=2210202111202020110122211112020110122111220221020210n22
~221::=~n
~21::=~<
\n22::=22111101122122002020001020100010220210101020200020201010201002211211n
::=
n\220121012><112202211210n~
----8<----

Laurent Vogel



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Sep 02 23:35:41 2003
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Date:	Tue, 2 Sep 2003 22:31:51 +0200 (CEST)
From:	Orjan Johansen <oerjan@nvg.ntnu.no>
To:	Frederic van der Plancke <fvdp@decis.be>
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On Tue, 2 Sep 2003, Frederic van der Plancke wrote:

> Orjan Johansen wrote:
> [...]

> > Basically, if v is a possible velocity for a glider in ether, then it
> > seems like (13v-4)/(-12v+15) may also be one.  Is there a systematic wa=
y
> > of transforming the "space-time" to show this, similar to a Lorentz
> > transformation in special relativity?
>
> Looks plausible (at very first sight). That would be nice.

Indeed, although as alluded to in the file, my simplest idea failed: that
it should be a simple transformation based on the
[ 13 -4]
[-12 15]
matrix, mapping 1*1 rectangles onto area 98 parallellograms.

There is simply nothing to map a uniform 00000 field onto except itself,
and then the velocities -1 and 0 would have to be preserved instead of
-1/2 and 2/3.

I have pondered a little bit the more complicated idea of treating
different regions differently, so that ether is mapped to itself as
intended above, but 00000 fields are mapped in a different way.
The problem then is to make this globally consistent.

As part of that I started trying to find linear, approximately preserved
"invariants" of rule 110, similar to energy or momentum in physics, that
could guide what such a map would look like.  But looking at small block
sizes (up to 5 or 6, I don't remember) I found only those invariants which
are shared by _all_ cellular automata.  To check larger block sizes I
started to write a Gauss-Jordan eliminator in Haskell, and then got bored
with the whole thing.

An example of the kind of invariant I am thinking of: Given a block, say
0010111011101101, count the number of times 01 occurs, and subtract the
number 10 occurs.  The result (1 in this case) is then the value of the
invariant for this block.

For this invariant the only possible values are -1, 0, 1.  Therefore it
can only change by small amounts, regardless of the CA rule used.  So I
think of it as approximately preserved.

Another, even more obvious invariant is the length of a block.

It is clear that for some CA rules there are invariants that are not
shared with all other rules.  For example some will preserve the total
number of 0's.  However, for rule 110 I have not so far been able to find
such an invariant, only those shared by all rules.

Why should invariants be important for the original mapping problem?
Well, imagine that rule 110 _did_ preserve the number of 0's.  Then we
would have a chance to map 0's in a different way from 1's, for example
squeezing them more together, because the invariant could ensure that the
blocks fitted together globally.

> Are there good sites online on this rule 110 ?
>
> From a few experiments (read "the future of ...0001000..."),
> there appear to be different kinds of "ethers",
> i.e. solutions periodic both in space and time. There are perturbations
> which determine the progression of a kind of ether into another kind.

The best site I've found is the online article
<http://delta.cs.cinvestav.mx/~mcintosh/comun/RULE110W/>.
It also discusses other "ethers", but its main focus is on gliders,
including the boundaries between different kinds of "ethers".

Hey!  I just discovered that there are two other rule 110 articles at the
same site, see
<http://delta.cs.cinvestav.mx/~mcintosh/oldweb/pautomata.html>.
The first one even seems to discuss some aspects of the universality
proof.  Off to read...

> About universality (TC) of the automaton, does someone know if Wolfram
> proves it in its book ?

I haven't read the book, but my understanding from what is written
elsewhere is that there is (only) a sketch of Cook's proof there, and that
nothing better has been made public, due to (!=A4#%&) Wolfram suing his
former employee Cook to keep the proof secret until Wolfram's book was
published.  I don't know whether Cook may publish a proper proof now that
Wolfram's book is out, or whether he wants to.

Greetings,
=D8rjan.

--=20
My esoteric language page: <http://home.nvg.org/~oerjan/esoteric/>
(Mostly Unlambda.)  Latest contraption:  CHIQRSX9+ interpreter.



From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Sep 04 12:12:45 2003
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From: Esoteric languages community <esoteric@sange.fi>
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--- forwarded message
>From andreou@ee.teiath.gr Fri Aug 08 23:06:25 2003
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From: "Al. Andreou" <andreou@ee.teiath.gr>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
References: <20030808010259.GE821@ling.helsinki.fi>
Subject: Re: [lang] Esoteric languages database
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> I'm not sure whether this has been announced on the list before, but the
> esoteric languages database (or whatever it is called at any one moment)
> seems to be happy, alive and kicking at
>
> http://www.kraml.at/stupid/

There is also ODP's page at
http://dmoz.org/Computers/Programming/Languages/Obfuscated/, additions to
and notes on which I would be glad to receive. I'm planning to give the
directory a couple of days next week to check for dead links, updates and
other languages.

  Al. Andreou <andreou at ee.teiath.gr>



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sun Sep 21 11:53:26 2003
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Hi,

I've released a new version of my Basic to BF compiler at:
http://lilly.csoft.net/~jeffryj/languages/bfbasic.zip

This version fixes a serious bug in the label code and adds
optional debug output.  Also included are a BFBASIC debugger and BF
interpreter.  Sources are released under the GPL.

If you have any comments or suggestions, please let me know.

Have fun,
Jeff

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Oct 01 04:38:18 2003
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Date: Wed, 1 Oct 2003 03:31:11 +0200 (MEST)
From: Rune Berge <rune@krokodille.com>
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Subject: [lang] Introducing Kipple (yet another esolang)
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I've finally cleaned up the interpreter and made a web page for my first
esoteric language, so here it is:

http://rune.krokodille.com/lang/kipple
(includes online Java interpreter)

Kipple is a minimalistic language inspired by Brainfuck. It is based on
stacks, but I believe it's quite different from other stack based
languages. I've written a Brainfuck-interpreter which runs Daniel's
Universal Turing Machine test correctly, so I assume it is
Turing-complete.

The language is based around 26 stacks of 32-bit integers, named a-z.
There are four operators and one control structure, and that's it. See the
web page for details.

Here are som code examples:

#Hello World:
33>o<100 108>o<114 111>o<87 32>o<111 108>o<108 101>o<72

#cat:
(i>o)

#25 first fibonacci numbers:
24>n 0>t 1>a
(n-1
  a+0
  t<a>b+a
  c<b>a<c
  n?
)
(t>@
  (@>o)
  32>o
)


Any comments?


Rune

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Oct 01 06:29:52 2003
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Date: Tue, 30 Sep 2003 20:24:20 -0700
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
From: "Daniel." <cristofd@hevanet.com>
Subject: [lang] Re: Introducing Kipple (yet another esolang)
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>Kipple is a minimalistic language inspired by Brainfuck. It is based on
>stacks, but I believe it's quite different from other stack based
>languages. I've written a Brainfuck-interpreter which runs Daniel's
>Universal Turing Machine test correctly, so I assume it is
>Turing-complete.

Right. Again, that should be a reliable test of everything except the 
stacks' capacities.

>Any comments?

The program
1>a
2>a
a+a
could leave the stack at either
1 3
or
1 4
and the spec doesn't seem to say which. Your online interpreter does 
the second one, and similarly with a-a, which makes it harder to 
synthesize the > instruction. Anyway. Nice language.
-Daniel Cristofani.
-- 
  >>>++[<++++++++[<[<++>-]>>[>>]+>>+[-[->>+<<<[<[<<]<+>]>[>[>>]]]<[>>[-]]>[>[-
  <<]+<[<+<]]+<<]<[>+<-]>>-]<.[-]>>]http://www.hevanet.com/cristofd/brainfuck/

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Oct 01 14:20:41 2003
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From: Rune Berge <rune@krokodille.com>
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On Tue, 30 Sep 2003, Daniel. wrote:

> >I've written a Brainfuck-interpreter which runs Daniel's Universal
> >Turing Machine test correctly, so I assume it is Turing-complete.
>
> Right. Again, that should be a reliable test of everything except the
> stacks' capacities.

The stacks are, of couse, of infinite capacity :)  However, in my
(imperfect) implementation they are constrained by the amount of memory
available as in any other language. They are implemented with the
java.util.Stack class, and it probably has some theoretical maximum size
too (my guess: 2147483647 items).

> The program
> 1>a
> 2>a
> a+a
> could leave the stack at either
> 1 3
> or
> 1 4
> and the spec doesn't seem to say which. Your online interpreter does
> the second one, and similarly with a-a, which makes it harder to
> synthesize the > instruction.

Thanks for pointing this out! I haven't thought about this at all. I'm not
entirely sure which behavior I'd prefer. Have to think about that one.

I don't know what you mean when you talk about synthesizing the >
instruction. Please explain...

> Anyway. Nice language.

Why, thank you :)


By the way, I just noticed that the online interpreter doesn't clear the
stacks properly between executions, so until I fix it, expect some weird
results if you don't reload the applet each time.


Rune

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Oct 01 23:46:16 2003
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Date: Wed, 1 Oct 2003 13:43:00 -0700
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
From: "Daniel." <cristofd@hevanet.com>
Subject: [lang] Re: Introducing Kipple (yet another esolang)
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>  > The program
>>  1>a
>>  2>a
>>  a+a
>>  could leave the stack at either
>>  1 3
>>  or
>>  1 4
>>  and the spec doesn't seem to say which. Your online interpreter does
>>  the second one, and similarly with a-a, which makes it harder to
>>  synthesize the > instruction.
>
>Thanks for pointing this out! I haven't thought about this at all. I'm not
>entirely sure which behavior I'd prefer. Have to think about that one.
>
>I don't know what you mean when you talk about synthesizing the >
>instruction. Please explain...

In the version where the above example leaves the stack at "1 3", I 
think we can replace all instructions of the form "3>a" with 
sequences of the form "a-3 a-a" and replace all instructions of the 
form "b>a" with sequences of the form "a-b a-a" whereas in the other 
version it's harder to find a replacement for ">".

-Daniel.
-- 
  >>>++[<++++++++[<[<++>-]>>[>>]+>>+[-[->>+<<<[<[<<]<+>]>[>[>>]]]<[>>[-]]>[>[-
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Oct 02 04:30:50 2003
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From: Rune Berge <rune@krokodille.com>
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On Wed, 1 Oct 2003, Daniel. wrote:

> In the version where the above example leaves the stack at "1 3", I
> think we can replace all instructions of the form "3>a" with
> sequences of the form "a-3 a-a" and replace all instructions of the
> form "b>a" with sequences of the form "a-b a-a" whereas in the other
> version it's harder to find a replacement for ">".

Interesting point. If this can be applied to all cases where > is used we
could make a subset of the language without the > operator.  And if the
integers were made to wrap around we could discard + or - too :D

However, it was always my intention to evaluate the expressions from left
to right, which means that for the case a+a, the value of a is peeked at
before it is popped. Therefore I'll probably stick with the version that
is implemented in the interpreter.


Rune

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Oct 16 09:41:27 2003
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From: Jeffry Johnston <jeffryj@lilly.csoft.net>
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Subject: [lang] [bf] [bfbasic] New version 1.00 (for Java 1.2+)
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Hi,

I've gone crazy and rewrote my BFBASIC compiler for Java (no longer tied
to MS-DOS, yay!).  In the process I added an algebraic expression parser,
and lots of other stuff.  It's acting very much like normal Basic at this
point, unfortunately at some expense to the BF code size. Added/updated
the examples (check out draw.bas, that was fun! :)

Java note: It doesn't use any classes past Java 1.2 that I know of, but
I compiled it with 1.4 so you may need to recompile if you use an older
Java setup.

Here is the url:
http://lilly.csoft.net/~jeffryj/languages/bfbasic.zip

Jeff

Changes since 0.80
------------------
1.00    15 Oct 2003
* Ported compiler from Basic to Java, major rewrite of some parts
* Added algebraic expression parser
* Updated commands to use the expression parser
* New commands: DO [WHILE | UNTIL], EXIT DO, LOOP [WHILE | UNTIL],
  IF...EXIT DO, GOSUB, RETURN, PRINT CHR$, PRINT num, COLOR, LOCATE
  INPUT array
* New expression: expr*expr
* Improved debug output line wrapping
* Removed V1="a" expression

0.90    23 Sep 2003
* Fixed label bug affecting PRINT
* Fixed PRINT parsing bug
* Fixed calculation parsing bug that ignored certain illegal operators
* IP starts at 1 (instead of 255) for faster exit
* Not released

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Oct 17 23:52:47 2003
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Hi,

Added a few things yesterday: IF THEN...ELSE...END IF blocks (ELSE
optional).  Works fine, nested etc.  ELSE IF doesn't work as you'd expect
quite yet, it is seen as ELSE:IF so you would still match all the END
IF's.

Also added logical AND and OR operators. If anyone wants to tackle the
bitwise version of these, that would be excellent.

Was going to add FOR but didn't get around to it.  Shouldn't be hard to
write a WHILE wrapper for it.  STEP can be kept with the FOR if you use
another stack (STEP should really be with NEXT if you think about it, but
that's not the standard basic syntax).

I'll try to work out expr1>expr2 today.  I had a few versions before but I
don't think they were correct.  Can't just do expr2<expr1 because you
don't want to change expr2 in case it is re-used in the expression elsewhere.

Also a question.  Does my interpreter act different than the rest?  It
doesn't wait for enter (inputs single characters), outputs to the console
for ANSI support.  Wraps 0<->255.  I wrote a java version but it didn't
work right with the high ascii characters (just outputted question marks),
and had to run stty cbreak so I could do single character input.  What
does everyone else use for non-DOS/Windows?

Jeff

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sat Oct 18 00:44:43 2003
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On Fri, 17 Oct 2003, Jeffry Johnston wrote:
> Also a question.  Does my interpreter act different than the rest?  It

Just remembered pibfi.   Tried getting it from catseye, but it doesn't
seem to be working.  Anyone heard from Chris lately?  How is he doing?

Anyone have a copy of pibfi they'd be willing to e-mail?

Thanks,
Jeff

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Oct 21 14:41:16 2003
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Date: Tue, 21 Oct 2003 12:37:08 +0100
From: Jeffey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] [befunge] Compilers
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Hi,

For those of you who haven't spotted it yet, I've got a Befunge 98-to-almost-
anything compiler on my website at http://www.quote-egnufeb-quote-greaterthan-
colon-hash-comma-underscore-at.info/befunge/interp.php

Yes it does miss various important features such as support for j and x, error 
returning instructions, fingerprints, optimisation, and self-modification, but 
since the compiler is written in Befunge I'm sure you can forgive me ;) The 
current release only outputs C code, but adding extra output formats should be 
relatively easy.

At the moment I'm doing a course on compilers/languages at uni, so there's a 
chance I'll be doing some major updates to the compiler soon - so what features 
would people be interested in?

* Support for j and x
* Error returning instructions
* Fingerprints
* Optimisation
* More output formats
* Self modification, or some steps towards it (i.e. allowing strings and 
constants to be modified)
* Same-line wrapping, SGML stringmode and other spec compliancy features
* Support for unefunge, trefunge, etc.
* A rewrite in C to save my sanity

The compiler will work on FBBI 0.98, but only if you've applied the patches 
that were posted to this list in July - if you need a copy of them then just 
ask.

The compiler is perfectly capable of compiling itself, as long as you can live 
with only one output format (Normally the code would be loaded at run time, but 
for that to work I'd need self-modification support). To forgoe the step of 
tracking a copy of FBBI down, you can grab a precompiled version of the 
compiler on my site (for producing C output). You'll also find some rough tech 
docs on how it works, as well as an older, optimising, Befunge-93 compiler 
written in Prolog.

Cheers,

Jeffrey

PS - Don't forget to check out all my other Befunge programs too ;)

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This is a test message, to see if my configuration is working properly (Seems 
to have got a bit messed up). Please ignore :)

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Date: Wed, 22 Oct 2003 13:53:22 +0100
From: Jeffey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: [befunge] Fibonacci (was Compilers)
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Quoting "Daniel." <cristofd@hevanet.com>:

> As a brainfuck nut who is used to seeing people make silly mistakes 
> in their brief dabblings in brainfuck, I thought I would consult a 
> Befunge nut, now that I've found one, about my one brief dabbling in 
> Befunge. Is there a more concise way to output Fibonacci numbers in 
> Befunge-93 than this:
> 
> 1>\:.:"Y"-v
> @^g:\+p00:_
> 
> or is there anything else wrong with it? (Starting with 0 is deliberate.)

By rearranging your code a bit I've managed to craft a short linear version 
which starts with 1 1:

1\:00p+00g\:."#"00p

This weighs in at 19 instructions compared to your 22 (And could be reduced to 
16 if run in unefunge). However it does lack any exit code so will continue 
looping forever. Adding exit code makes it a lot messier - stopping at 89 like 
your original goes something like this:

1\:00p+00g\:.:"X"`!74**"@"+00p

(30 instructions; changes 00 to '\' to continue or '@' to quit)

But you can also extend the range to 233 without too much difficulty:

1\:00p+00g\:.:99*/1`!74**"@"+00p

(32 instuctions; checks the result of a division by 81)

Plus of course there are the wound up versions like yours. The only way I've 
found of making yours shorter is to forgoe the exit check, like this:

1\>:00p+ v
  ^.:\g00<

Which is 10x2, with 3 wasted spaces (And it starts from 1 1).

The shortest 2-deep one with an exit check I've found so far is

1\>:00p+00g\v
@_^#!-"Y":.:<

Which is 26 cells. If you don't mind a slightly irregular shape though then 
there's always

1\>:00p+00gv
  |-"Y":.:\<
  @

Which is 23 instructions, possibly the shortest possible.

There are also a few other fibonacci programs on mooz's site, the main features 
being a lack of getting/putting:

http://kotisivu.mtv3.fi/quux/befunge.html

Hope that helps! ;)

Cheers,

Jeffrey

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Oct 23 05:43:49 2003
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Date: Wed, 22 Oct 2003 19:38:57 -0700
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
From: "Daniel." <cristofd@hevanet.com>
Subject: [lang] Re: [befunge] Fibonacci (was Compilers)
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>But you can also extend the range to 233 without too much difficulty:

Ahhh. I was using Chris Pressey's bef.c version 2.20, which uses signed chars.

>There are also a few other fibonacci programs on mooz's site, the 
>main features
>being a lack of getting/putting:

Interesting. I didn't know that was possible.

>Hope that helps! ;)

Definitely. Thank you.
-Daniel.
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Oct 24 00:57:48 2003
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Subject: [lang] [bf] [bfbasic] Version 1.20 
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Hi,

Lots of fixes, improvements and new stuff in this release.  Check it out.

http://lilly.csoft.net/~jeffryj/languages/bfbasic.zip

Jeff

1.20    23 Oct 2003
* New commands: BF (for raw BF commands), ?, WHILE, WEND, SYSTEM, LET,
  STOP, FOR, NEXT, EXIT FOR, IF...EXIT FOR
* Upgraded L# labels to free text labels
* Rewrote expr1<expr2 to fix multiple bugs
* New expressions: expr1<>expr2, expr1>expr2, expr1>=expr2,
  expr1<=expr2, expr1/expr2
* PRINT now supports ; and multiple expressions per line
* Updated CLS, COLOR, and LOCATE to use the new ; syntax
* Only outputs pre() and post() code when needed


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Oct 30 11:25:19 2003
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Subject: [lang] [bf] [bfbasic] Version 1.30
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Hi,

I've released another new version or BFBASIC just in time for halloween,
hopefully it's more of a treat than trick.  I've added a simple
pseudorandom number generator via RND, INPUT (as a decimal number, no
backspace support yet), INKEY (like original INPUT for reading
characters), and also made it *nix friendly (LF is the default EOL for
i/o) at Daniel's request, thanks! :).  Use -c for MS-DOS compatibility.

The random number generator was fun to write (16-bit math using 8-bit
cells), and is simply the equation N = (31821 * N + 13849) % 65536).  I
got the mult and inc values for the mod 65536 linear congruential
generator from an old TI DSP reference, the numbers seem to be decent when
using the MSB, but of course don't use it for crypto ;).  RANDOMIZE KEY
lets you type some garbage on the keyboard and push Enter to seed N.

Get 1.30 here:
http://lilly.csoft.net/~jeffryj/languages/bfbasic.zip

As always, please let me know if you have suggestions or if you make
improvements.

Thanks,
Jeff

1.30    30 Oct 2003
* Added -c option for CR LF = newline (LF now the default)
* New commands: RANDOMIZE KEY
* Modified commands: INPUT (as decimal), BF
* New expressions: INKEY, RND (uses N=(31821*N+13849)%65536)




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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Sat Nov 01 21:31:20 2003
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Hi,

Just for fun I made a Java IRC bot that lets you enter code and run it,
with the output going to whatever channel the bot is in (probably
#esoteric).  I'm not running it right now, but if you are interesting in
downloading and compiling the source is here (just the one file is all you
need).  Requires Java 1.1 or later:

http://lilly.csoft.net/~jeffryj/languages/bfbot.java

The bot makes no active attempt to stay alive besides responding to
server pings, so I don't know how long it would last on irc.freenode.net,
but it works and is fun to play with :)

Jeff

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Nov 07 10:55:09 2003
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Date: Fri, 7 Nov 2003 08:28:42 +0000 (GMT)
From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Stephen=20Sykes?= <s_d_sykes@yahoo.co.uk>
Subject: [lang] ETA C compiler
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
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Well the dark evenings are getting longer here in Helsinki, and what
better to fill the time than to write a C compiler for a bizarre language.

And I'm sure you will agree that there should be some free market
competition for Jeffry Johnston's marvellous BFBASIC.  I believe my
product is competitively priced.  It's also free.

Anyway, you can find the ETA C compiler project here:
http://www.stephensykes.com/etacc.html
You may recall that ETA is a stack based language with only 7
instructions.

Of course there's nothing particularly scientifically interesting in what
I've done - ETA is a Turing complete language after all.  But have you
ever tried to write a compiler for a machine that has no registers or
addressable storage?  When all you have is just one stack, which you don't
even know the depth of, things get a little hairy.

The compiler certainly does not support the full ANSI spec.  That said, I
do support the following features:

int short long char 
unary ops: & * + - ~ ! 
prefix ++ -- 
postfix ++ -- 
binary ops: * / % + - << >> < > <= >= == != & ^ | && || 
ternary op: ?: 
assignment = *= /= %= += -= <<= >>= &= |= ^= 
[] subscripts 
if, if else, while, do while, for, continue 
break, return, goto, sizeof 
Pointers, arrays, strings, character constants and so on are fully
supported, and even recursion works.

If you play with it at all, let me know how many bugs you find.

Have fun
Stephen
+- S.D.Sykes - www.stephensykes.com
| "Finland is a nice country, if you do not take into account the
| country's location, weather, and people" -- Neil Hardwick


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Nov 07 14:38:00 2003
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From: Jeffey Lee <me@phlamethrower.co.uk>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] [befunge] New Befunge98-to-C compiler
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Hi,

You'll be glad to hear that I've now written successor to befc V2, 
unsurprisingly called befc V3. This time it's written in C (and only has 
support for output of C code), but includes the following new features:

* Optimisation
* Support for j and x
* Full support for k
* Error returning/generating instructions
* SGML stringmode
* Same-line wrapping
* ... and probably a few other things as well

You can grab a copy of befc 3 from my website, at 
http://www.phlamethrower.co.uk/befunge/interp.php#compilers (Note the use of my 
shorter URL this time; the other one was a bit overkill for an 80-column 
email ;)).

There's no binary included, but that shouldn't pose too much of a problem since 
you'll be needing a C compiler to compile the output anyway.

Next on the cards is taking some more steps towards making my own C-to-Befunge 
compiler.

What with BFBASIC, C-to-ETA, Befunge-to-C and (hopefully) soon a C-to-Befunge 
compiler, I wonder who will be the first to rise to the challenge of writing a 
Malbolge compiler?

Cheers,

Jeffrey

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Hi,

Wow, what an accomplishment!  Haven't been able to run any programs yet
(didn't finish installing Ruby), but etacc compiles fine on Cygwin, if you
make a cc to gcc symbolic link first:

ln -s /bin/gcc /bin/cc

Looking at the output for my hastily written Hello World, it appears that
you actually wrote the compiler in two parts.  etacc compiles C to Ruby
code.  Running the Ruby code would seem to output the ETA code. :)

One question: The ETA spec describes 8 instructions.  Did you artificially
limit yourself to 7 or was that a typo?

Take care,
Jeff

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From: neozen <neodymiumg@yahoo.com>
Subject: [lang] request for help with IAG
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
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been on the list for a week and decided to post as
this has been troubling me for a while:

has anyone on this list ever heard of a language
called iag?

I found an interpreter for it here:
http://sange.fi/~atehwa/small-esoteric/iag.c

and some sample programs here:
http://sange.fi/~atehwa/small-esoteric/iag/

and I'm still confused. am I just dim or was this
written with a similar goal to that of malbolge (be
impossible, or at least very hard, to use)

any further information on this language would be
geatly appreciated. (whoisneozen@yahoo.com)

thank you all for your time,
Ross Heflin



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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Nov 10 23:41:22 2003
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From: neozen <neodymiumg@yahoo.com>
Subject: [lang] addendum: request for help with IAG
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the url for the sample programs was wrong ::sigh:: :

the actual url is this:
http://sange.fi/~atehwa/small-esoteric/iag-src/

please forgive my lack of sleep


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Tue Nov 11 22:31:55 2003
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From: "Keith Gaughan" <kmgaughan@eircom.net>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: request for help with IAG
Date: Tue, 11 Nov 2003 20:43:40 +0000
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lang@esoteric.sange.fi wrote:

> the url for the sample programs was wrong ::sigh:: :
> 
> the actual url is this:
> http://sange.fi/~atehwa/small-esoteric/iag-src/
> 
> please forgive my lack of sleep

Hello all! My lord it's a long time since I've posted here!

Well, iag is the creation of Panu Kalliokoski, who actually hosts this
list. I can't remember all that much about how it works, but take a quick
peek at http://www.kraml.at/stupid/iag.html for some details. The spec was
originally posted by Panu on the Cats Eye Technology list (this list's
predecessor), but Chris and the site seems to have disappeared off the face
of the earth and I for one don't have a copy of the archives.

I *may* have a printout of the spec, but my collection of posts is 200 miles
away and I won't be able to take a look till christmas.

I'm afraid you'll have to figure it for yourself: see it as a challenge!:-)

K.

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Nov 12 15:24:39 2003
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Stephen=20Sykes?= <s_d_sykes@yahoo.co.uk>
Subject: [lang] Re: ETA C compiler
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Hi...

> Wow, what an accomplishment!  Haven't been able to run any programs yet
> (didn't finish installing Ruby), but etacc compiles fine on Cygwin, if
> you make a cc to gcc symbolic link first:
> 
> ln -s /bin/gcc /bin/cc

Yes, I also found that it compiles ok under cygwin, but the ruby part
failed to work correctly.  I will try to investigate this asap when I get
back from travelling in two weeks.

> Looking at the output for my hastily written Hello World, it appears
> that you actually wrote the compiler in two parts.  etacc compiles C to
> Ruby code.  Running the Ruby code would seem to output the ETA code. :)

You are correct.  The intermediate language uses my Ruby libraries, and is
in fact a ruby program.  It was easier for me to write it that way, mostly
because I like Ruby so much.

> One question: The ETA spec describes 8 instructions.  Did you
> artificially limit yourself to 7 or was that a typo?

Thanks, it's a mistake.  I use the full set - a,e,h,i,o,n,s,t.

Regards,

Stephen


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Nov 13 20:41:25 2003
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From: neozen <neodymiumg@yahoo.com>
Subject: [lang] Re: request for help with IAG
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
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to kmgaughan@eircom.net

danke but I already have that url.. sadly it is not
much help hehe... well ..if you do have a copy of that
spec (albeit many miles away).. christmas isn't THAT
far away :GRIN:

:::pokes the iag compiler with a stick::: ...dratted C
...I currently know C++ so that helps a little... but
not much... one of my main problems lies with this
line:

mem[mp] = acc = acc - mem[mp];

as I see it, this line zero's out both variables... is
this correct?

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Nov 13 21:10:10 2003
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lang@esoteric.sange.fi wrote:

> to kmgaughan@eircom.net
> 
> danke but I already have that url.. sadly it is not
> much help hehe... well ..if you do have a copy of that
> spec (albeit many miles away).. christmas isn't THAT
> far away :GRIN:

Well, I'll se what I can do.

> :::pokes the iag compiler with a stick::: ...dratted C
> ...I currently know C++ so that helps a little... but
> not much... one of my main problems lies with this
> line:
> 
> mem[mp] = acc = acc - mem[mp];
> 
> as I see it, this line zero's out both variables... is
> this correct?

Nope, it's just subtracting a memory location from the accumulator
and setting the accumulator and the memory location to that value.

If I get a free day (which is improbable, but not impossible), I'll
print off the code, pour myself a beer, and figure out what's going
on inside.

K.

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Nov 19 17:49:52 2003
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From: Panu <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
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Subject: [lang] Re: request for help with IAG
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On Mon, Nov 10, 2003 at 12:42:17PM -0800, neozen wrote:
> has anyone on this list ever heard of a language
> called iag?

That's my language :)

> I found an interpreter for it here:
> http://sange.fi/~atehwa/small-esoteric/iag.c
> 
> and some sample programs here:
> http://sange.fi/~atehwa/small-esoteric/iag/
> 
> and I'm still confused. am I just dim or was this
> written with a similar goal to that of malbolge (be
> impossible, or at least very hard, to use)

Hmm, true - but actually iag just tries to minimise the instruction set,
it does not purposefully make the commands hard to use.  (They do become
hard to use, when you only have 3 for everything).  iag cheats a little
(but just a little) by giving "system calls" under the command `|', but
they're not actually needed for Turing equivalence.

> any further information on this language would be
> geatly appreciated. (whoisneozen@yahoo.com)

There's no documentation on the language, because I couldn't come up
with a clearer spec for the language than the interpreter itself.

But okay, here is a short tutorial:

The actual commands are <, =, |.  s, d and x are very useful for
debugging, but they're not part of the actual language.  Other
characters are ignored.

The program operates on a semi-infinite tape, and the commands < and =
are all that is available for manipulating it.  There is also an
accumulator for holding state.  < rewinds the tape one place, =
calculates the difference between the value in the accumulator and the
current value on the tape, stores it in both _and_ makes the tape go
forward.  Suppose the tape has "0 0 0 <29> 75" on it (the reader head
marked by <>) and the accum. has the value 10, then the sequence "=<=<"
effectively zeroes the current location:

=: 0 0 0 -19 <75>, acc -19
<: 0 0 0 <-19> 75, acc -19
=: 0 0 0 0 <75>, acc 0
<: 0 0 0 <0> 75, acc 0

Suppose the tape has "<13> 27 57" and the accum. has value 0, the sequence
"==<<=<==<<=<" effectively adds the two numbers:

=: -13 <27> 57, acc -13
=: -13 -40 <57>, acc -40
<<: <-13> -40 57, acc -40
=<=: 0 <-40> 57, acc 0 (zeroing as above)
=: 0 40 <57>, acc 40
<<: <0> 40 57, acc 40
=<: <40> 40 57, acc 40

basically, most calculation operations can be formed by < and =;
however, sometimes you need some other constant than 0 (which is the
only constant you can reliably form).  Then you need `=<=||', which
gives you a 1.  Other constants can be formed from the 1.

For control flow, you only have `|'.  The current value of the
accumulator governs the behavior of the | command.  If positive, you get
a system call (selected by the number in the accu); if zero, you get a
forward jump and 1 at the accumulator (as above; the jump is why we put
two |'s in a row, as the first one jumps to the second one); if
negative, you get a backward jump.

The backward jump is one way to get conditionals: the absolute value of
the accum. says how many |'s to jump back.  A saner way is to set the
value of the accumulator to 0 or 1 on approaching |, because the former
causes a jump and the latter is a system call guaranteed to do nothing.

Thinking now, I am not quite sure whether you can normalise values into
truth values (equivalent to !!x in C, also called the nonzero
predicate).  Hmm.

Panu

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Considering the etherial nature of things online (where did catseye go 
anyway?) I've put your tutorial onto my storage-journal at 
http://www.greatestjournal.com/users/rosencrantz/7135.html for posterity. At 
least untill something more concrete comes along.

That Journal also has my earlier work, ODDBALL, for which I would really 
like to see an interpreter made. I would write it myself, but I am really 
bad at normal programming languages.

Much (platonic) love, Tristan

>52*"moc.liamtoh@lbtml"> #, :# _v_ #: ,# <"lmtbl@hotmail.com"*25<
^                        p*48">">"<"84*p                        ^
magnae clunes mihi placent, nec possum de hac re mentiri.

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From: Panu Kalliokoski <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
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Subject: [lang] Re: request for help with IAG
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On Thu, Nov 13, 2003 at 10:15:54AM -0800, neozen wrote:
> mem[mp] = acc = acc - mem[mp];
> as I see it, this line zero's out both variables... is
> this correct?

This was probably clear from my prev posting, but the clause above
calculates the difference between the current cell and the accumulator,
and only then stores it in both.  So no, they don't necessarily end up
being zero, only if they had the same value to start with.

Panu

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> > That Journal also has my earlier work, ODDBALL, for which I would really
>
>Where was this?

Sorry, I forgot to put the link in. 
http://www.greatestjournal.com/users/rosencrantz/738.html

Much (platonic) love, Tristan

>52*"moc.liamtoh@lbtml"> #, :# _v_ #: ,# <"lmtbl@hotmail.com"*25<
^                        p*48">">"<"84*p                        ^
magnae clunes mihi placent, nec possum de hac re mentiri.





>From: Panu Kalliokoski <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
>To: Tristan Parker <lmtbl@hotmail.com>
>Subject: Re: [lang]  IAG tutorial
>Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2003 03:05:11 +0200
>
>On Wed, Nov 19, 2003 at 08:42:52AM -0800, Tristan Parker wrote:
> > Considering the etherial nature of things online (where did catseye go
> > anyway?) I've put your tutorial onto my storage-journal at
> > http://www.greatestjournal.com/users/rosencrantz/7135.html for 
>posterity.
> > At least untill something more concrete comes along.
>
>Okay... I don't have much time to work on minor things like iag, so
>"something more concrete" might be a long time away...
>
>
>Panu
>
>--
>personal contact: atehwa@iki.fi, +35841 5323835
>work contact: pkalliok@ling.helsinki.fi, +35850 3678003
>kotisivu (henkkoht):	http://www.iki.fi/atehwa/
>homepage (technical):	http://sange.fi/~atehwa/

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Thu Nov 20 18:00:31 2003
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Hi,

I took a look at the spec.  How would you do this:

> $ continues assesing a situation untill it is mostly stable (a loop)

This seems difficult to determine.

Jeff



On Wed, 19 Nov 2003, Tristan Parker wrote:

> > > That Journal also has my earlier work, ODDBALL, for which I would really
> >
> >Where was this?
>
> Sorry, I forgot to put the link in.
> http://www.greatestjournal.com/users/rosencrantz/738.html
>
> Much (platonic) love, Tristan
>
> >52*"moc.liamtoh@lbtml"> #, :# _v_ #: ,# <"lmtbl@hotmail.com"*25<
> ^                        p*48">">"<"84*p                        ^
> magnae clunes mihi placent, nec possum de hac re mentiri.
>
>
>
>
>
> >From: Panu Kalliokoski <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
> >To: Tristan Parker <lmtbl@hotmail.com>
> >Subject: Re: [lang]  IAG tutorial
> >Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2003 03:05:11 +0200
> >
> >On Wed, Nov 19, 2003 at 08:42:52AM -0800, Tristan Parker wrote:
> > > Considering the etherial nature of things online (where did catseye go
> > > anyway?) I've put your tutorial onto my storage-journal at
> > > http://www.greatestjournal.com/users/rosencrantz/7135.html for
> >posterity.
> > > At least untill something more concrete comes along.
> >
> >Okay... I don't have much time to work on minor things like iag, so
> >"something more concrete" might be a long time away...
> >
> >
> >Panu
> >
> >--
> >personal contact: atehwa@iki.fi, +35841 5323835
> >work contact: pkalliok@ling.helsinki.fi, +35850 3678003
> >kotisivu (henkkoht):	http://www.iki.fi/atehwa/
> >homepage (technical):	http://sange.fi/~atehwa/
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> Share holiday photos without swamping your Inbox.  Get MSN Extra Storage
> now!  http://join.msn.com/?PAGE=features/es
>
>
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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Nov 21 00:19:44 2003
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>I took a look at the spec.  How would you do this:
>
> > $ continues assesing a situation untill it is mostly stable (a loop)

Ooh, I'd forgotten about that. I think that might violate the halting 
problem, I'm not sure though. You could have a construct which remembers the 
program's state, and if it is ever the same twice then that's a loop, but 
that would be so memory and time intensive that it would be completely 
impractical. Not that ODDBALL is practical for anything anyway.

I don't think that command is useful for anything anyway, since those 
commands can only return one state. I think I'll just take it out of the 
spec.

Much (platonic) love, Tristan

>52*"moc.liamtoh@lbtml"> #, :# _v_ #: ,# <"lmtbl@hotmail.com"*25<
^                        p*48">">"<"84*p                        ^
magnae clunes mihi placent, nec possum de hac re mentiri.

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Dec 03 19:03:26 2003
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Hi,

I've made a text generator for BF that either uses genetic algorithms or
genetic programming (not sure which) in an attempt to find the optimal
(shortest) program to print the text.  I have very little background in
ga/gp, but here were some of my observations as I worked on this project:

1) It is difficult to get gp to use loops.  It would rather use a bunch of
+'s than a loop, because with initial values the loop isn't as good,
freezes, etc.  I overcame this by using a fixed structure.  This was based
on an 111-byte "Hello World!\n" (probably optimal), where they set up a
multiply loop with several memory cells, then used those cells to print
the text, choosing (with < >) and altering (+ -) the "best" one to form
each letter.  The best cell isn't always obvious, for example it could
always choose the closest matching cell, but it might make it worse for
the next letter than if it used a different cell.

2) It is best not to expect too much at once.  At first I was expecting
the gp to both optimize the program and generate correct text.  It tried,
but progress was extremely slow.  It worked much better to force it to
print the correct text regardless of how bad the program was (using lots
of+/- if needed), then optimize on size alone.

3) There needs to be a mix of small changes and large changes.  The
changes I found useful were: mutation, crossover, regenerating the poorest
candidates, and another that I would call hostile takeover (copy a
decently performing individual over a poor one, but swap something around
to test out multiple combinations of something good).  Hostile takeover
worked even better when the changes were consistent, for example if I
swapped two of the multiplicand terms then it worked better to also swap
the < and > in the text generation to match.  If I changed the multiplier,
then it worked better to also change the multiplicands to produce similar
numbers as before.

4) At first progress is rapid, since everything is uncharted territory,
but then things slow down to a crawl.  Basically it is waiting for a
random mutation or new individual to randomly break the old record.  Once
a decent candidate is found is found, then that is usually quickly
improved to a better one.  So, progress occurs in spurts.  It is rare to
find the optimal solution in the initial burst of activity.  My program
could probably be improved in this area to do something different (not
sure what would help) when progress slows so that it can more quickly get
moving again.

This was a fun project, and I'm sure if I had more time or a book it could
improved a lot.  I've posted the project to my webpage here:

http://lilly.csoft.net/~jeffryj/languages/textgen.java

It is GPL.  Feel free to play around with it and please let me know if
you've figured out a way to improve it.

Jeff



From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Fri Dec 05 15:45:40 2003
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Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 15:41:11 +0200
From: Panu Kalliokoski <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] [games] announcing pimputin
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I guess you guys might take interest in pimputin, the curses-based
simulation-like game made in Python(>=2.2) that lets you play with
"objects" in a 2D world where many objects represent different sounds
and the colors of those objects represent their pitch.  Sound is played
through esound.  Rejoice!

The code is available for download at:
http://sange.fi/~atehwa/pimputin.tar.gz
for browsing at:
http://sange.fi/~atehwa/pimputin/
and the documentation is available at:
http://sange.fi/~atehwa/cgi-bin/piki.cgi/pimputin

Looking forward to hearing comments from you (not that I expect there
will be many)...

Panu

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I am designing a programming language for fun and amusement, because its =
fun and amusing. I fell in love with a programming language known as =
Befunge (which most people on an esoteric language mailing list should =
be familiar with) when I first ran across it and decided to write a =
language that utilized the 2D nature of Befunge (and much else that I =
saw that was good about it), but corrected what my limited view saw as =
flaws might keep it from being largely unused to the general populace. =
As I mentioned, the language is largely based on befunge (if you really =
ARE unfamiliar with it - go to =
http://staff.xmms.org/zinx/misc/spec98.html for more information). =
Befunge operates in a 2D programming space so that in addition to =
keeping track of where the instruction pointer (from now on abbreviated =
as IP), one must also keep track of the direction in which it is =
travelling.
The most important lesson that I took from my first programming class is =
that good programming code is modular - it saves space and time to write =
one Foo function every time you want to Foo something, yet Befunge has =
no way of calling functions (or methods or proceedures, in most =
languages, these all describe similar behavior). When I say that I want =
the ability to 'call a function', what I am referring to is a syntax for =
being able to jump to a piece of code, do stuff, and return to where the =
IP came from, regardless of where it was that the IP actually came from. =
Befunge's 2D nature gives rise to an interesting dilemma of needing =
instruction widths to be 1 character in length. After a couple weeks of =
deliberation, I have come up with some solutions that take into account =
the 1 character limit, feel free to take a look at them and comment on =
them, make suggestions for new solutions, or tell me which one of the =
solutions I have already come up with you feel would be best; either on =
this list or at the link. The link is =
www.livejournal.com/wildhalcyon/58793.html

Thank you very much for any comments and suggestions!

Brian



Brian Thompson
Senior in Electrical Engineering
University of Washington
------=_NextPart_000_001F_01C3C2AD.6523ED90
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	charset="Windows-1252"
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<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dwindows-1252">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1276" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>I am designing a programming language for fun and =
amusement,=20
because its fun and amusing. I fell in love with a programming language =
known as=20
Befunge (which most people on an esoteric language mailing list should =
be=20
familiar with)&nbsp;when I first ran across it and decided to write a =
language=20
that utilized the 2D nature of Befunge (and much else that I saw that =
was good=20
about it), but corrected what my limited view saw as flaws might keep it =
from=20
being largely unused to the general populace. As I mentioned, the =
language is=20
largely based on befunge (if you really ARE unfamiliar with it&nbsp;- go =
to <A=20
href=3D"http://staff.xmms.org/zinx/misc/spec98.html">http://staff.xmms.or=
g/zinx/misc/spec98.html</A>=20
for more information). Befunge operates in a 2D programming space so =
that in=20
addition to keeping track of where the instruction pointer (from now on=20
abbreviated as IP), one must also keep track of the direction in which =
it is=20
travelling.<BR>The most important lesson that I took from my first =
programming=20
class is that good programming code is modular - it saves space and time =
to=20
write one Foo function every time you want to Foo something, yet Befunge =
has no=20
way of calling functions (or methods or proceedures, in most languages, =
these=20
all describe similar behavior). When I say that I want the ability to =
'call a=20
function', what I am referring to is a syntax for being able to jump to =
a piece=20
of code, do stuff, and return to where the IP came from, regardless of =
where it=20
was that the IP actually came from. Befunge's 2D nature gives rise to an =

interesting dilemma of needing instruction widths to be 1 character in =
length.=20
After a couple weeks of deliberation, I have come up with some solutions =
that=20
take into account the 1 character limit, feel free to take a look at =
them and=20
comment on them, make suggestions for new solutions, or tell me which =
one of the=20
solutions I have already come up with you feel would be best; either on =
this=20
list or at the link. The link is <A=20
href=3D"http://www.livejournal.com/wildhalcyon/58793.html">www.livejourna=
l.com/wildhalcyon/58793.html</FONT><FONT=20
size=3D2></FONT></A></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Thank you very much for any comments and=20
suggestions!<BR></DIV></FONT>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Brian</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><BR>Brian Thompson</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Senior in Electrical Engineering<BR>University of=20
Washington</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Dec 15 19:16:25 2003
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Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
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That is my fault, the correct site should be:

www.livejournal.com/users/wildhalcyon/58793.html

Brian regrets the error.

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Dec 15 19:39:46 2003
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From: Jesse van Herk <jvanherk@jess2.net>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
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On Mon, Dec 15, 2003 at 01:47:27AM -0800, Brian Thompson wrote:
> describe similar behavior). When I say that I want the ability to 'call a
> function', what I am referring to is a syntax for being able to jump to a piece
> of code, do stuff, and return to where the IP came from, regardless of where it

Funge-98 supports fingerprint extensions, and the RC/funge interpreter comes with
a Subroutine fingerprint ("SUBR" 0x53554252 Subroutine extension).  It works by
grabbing a vector from the stack and jumping to that location. Instructions are Call,
Jump, and Return.  This seems like the fungiest solution to me.

Interestingly, Rc/funge also support the idea of 'minifunge', which sounds somewhat
like your kanji macro idea.

Rc/funge seems to have disappeared off the internet, but I've got documentation and
downloadable (patched) source here:

http://www.jess2.net/code/funge/

-- 
Jesse "Deltaman" van Herk | Usenet Rule #2 (John Gilmore): "The Net
http://www.jess2.net/     | interprets censorship as damage and routes
                          | around it."

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Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
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One of the simplest solutions would be to have a function-call 
instruction: to call a function, you put the absolute coordinates of 
the function's beginning on the stack, then execute the function-call 
instruction. Then you'd need a matching return instruction. The only 
con I can see is remembering the numbers for each function. One 
question is whether to push a new delta for the IP onto the stack as 
well, or just (usually) set that at the other end with > or the like. 
Anyway, the old delta should be saved, and restored when the function 
is returned from...
This solution may be graceless, but it's probably closest to the 
spirit of Befunge.
-Daniel Cristofani.
-- 
  >>>++[<++++++++[<[<++>-]>>[>>]+>>+[-[->>+<<<[<[<<]<+>]>[>[>>]]]<[>>[-]]>[>[-
  <<]+<[<+<]]+<<]<[>+<-]>>-]<.[-]>>]http://www.hevanet.com/cristofd/brainfuck/

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Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
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Jesse van Herk wrote:
> Funge-98 supports fingerprint extensions, and the RC/funge interpreter =
comes with
> a Subroutine fingerprint ("SUBR" 0x53554252 Subroutine extension).  It =
works by
> grabbing a vector from the stack and jumping to that location. Instruct=
ions are Call,
> Jump, and Return.  This seems like the fungiest solution to me.

Mmm. The original message lead to an irc conversation about how to=20
implement function calls in a fungy way. Our conclusion is pretty close=20
to this "SUBR"-extension, but with few notable differences.

First off, a completely coordinate-based 'call' instruction has the=20
drawback that when you rearrange code, the function entry point may well=20
move, and then you'd need to fix all the instances where the function is=20
called. In our proposed system, functions have integer labels (character=20
labels being uglier), and you map them to coordinates with a 'D'=20
(define) instruction, that would pop two coordinates and an integer. The=20
function call instruction, J, would then pop just a single integer from=20
the stack and jump to the correct location.

Your description of the "SUBR" extension doesn't tell, how the IP=20
direction behaves on jump. We decided we'd like more if the direction=20
would stay unchanged, because then you'd have four possible "entry=20
points" and "exits" out of the function. Would be worth the minor=20
usability loss of not being able to 'go through a function' from=20
different directions.

We'd also thought about using @ as the exit command, since that way=20
existing programs could easily be used as functions without any changes.=20
This wasn't planned as a funge98 extension (personally I find '98 far=20
too baroque), so the un-redefinability of @ doesn't matter. A funge98=20
extension version of this could of course use 'X' or 'R' or some other=20
character.

The discussion seems to have turned from a befunge-inspired language to=20
variants of befunge, so I could add that any non-ascii usage (kanji,=20
colours, multi-character cells (how would these work with=20
put/get-self-modification anyway?)) sounds decidedly unfungeish.


  - Heikki Kallasjoki
    fizban@iki.fi

[Message contents heavily influenced by one 'Juha J=E4rvi' via IRC, too.=20
The http://quux.befunge.org/ person.]


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Mon Dec 15 20:37:59 2003
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Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2003 11:33:46 -0700
From: Jesse van Herk <jvanherk@jess2.net>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
Message-ID: <20031215183346.GJ96694@idiom.novusordo.net>
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On Mon, Dec 15, 2003 at 08:14:31PM +0200, Heikki Kallasjoki wrote:
> Your description of the "SUBR" extension doesn't tell, how the IP 
> direction behaves on jump. We decided we'd like more if the direction 

It sets the direction to (1,0,0), and restores it on return.

-- 
Jesse "Chien Andalusia" van Herk | It uses the clapper.  *clap*.  See, it
http://www.jess2.net/            | just calculated pi! Now SHUT UP!

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To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
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Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2003 13:03:13 -0800
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I am okay with doing things that are "unfungeish"; the language is inspir=
ed
by more than just Befunge, although you can't really tell from all of thi=
s -
I am hoping to add some elements from Joy and Forth, and Perl as well.
Adding non-ascii characters, or color, or extra cells, or anything like t=
hat
would be extremely unfungeish.
I've loved the fact that this email has sparked a small flurry of interes=
t
from the community. Im hoping to come up with ideas that work regardless =
of
fungeness, something that may not go around the funge syntax, but might h=
ave
to rewrite the book of funge to make a new language. Okay, maybe not the
whole book. A significant chapter though. This has been a lot of fun so f=
ar,
thank you.

Brian


----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Heikki Kallasjoki" <fizban@iki.fi>
To: <lang@esoteric.sange.fi>
Sent: Monday, December 15, 2003 10:14 AM
Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language


Jesse van Herk wrote:
> Funge-98 supports fingerprint extensions, and the RC/funge interpreter
comes with
> a Subroutine fingerprint ("SUBR" 0x53554252 Subroutine extension).  It
works by
> grabbing a vector from the stack and jumping to that location.
Instructions are Call,
> Jump, and Return.  This seems like the fungiest solution to me.

Mmm. The original message lead to an irc conversation about how to
implement function calls in a fungy way. Our conclusion is pretty close
to this "SUBR"-extension, but with few notable differences.

First off, a completely coordinate-based 'call' instruction has the
drawback that when you rearrange code, the function entry point may well
move, and then you'd need to fix all the instances where the function is
called. In our proposed system, functions have integer labels (character
labels being uglier), and you map them to coordinates with a 'D'
(define) instruction, that would pop two coordinates and an integer. The
function call instruction, J, would then pop just a single integer from
the stack and jump to the correct location.

Your description of the "SUBR" extension doesn't tell, how the IP
direction behaves on jump. We decided we'd like more if the direction
would stay unchanged, because then you'd have four possible "entry
points" and "exits" out of the function. Would be worth the minor
usability loss of not being able to 'go through a function' from
different directions.

We'd also thought about using @ as the exit command, since that way
existing programs could easily be used as functions without any changes.
This wasn't planned as a funge98 extension (personally I find '98 far
too baroque), so the un-redefinability of @ doesn't matter. A funge98
extension version of this could of course use 'X' or 'R' or some other
character.

The discussion seems to have turned from a befunge-inspired language to
variants of befunge, so I could add that any non-ascii usage (kanji,
colours, multi-character cells (how would these work with
put/get-self-modification anyway?)) sounds decidedly unfungeish.


  - Heikki Kallasjoki
    fizban@iki.fi

[Message contents heavily influenced by one 'Juha J=E4rvi' via IRC, too.
The http://quux.befunge.org/ person.]


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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Dec 17 23:38:51 2003
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Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2003 16:35:03 -0500
From: Greg Velichansky <hmaon@bumba.net>
To: lang@esoteric.sange.fi
Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
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Brian Thompson, on Mon, Dec 15, 2003 at 01:03:13PM -0800 wrote:
> I am okay with doing things that are "unfungeish"; 

Hm, then you might enjoy wasting a few minutes with own little black
sheep of a Befunge-93 derivative, at http://bumba.net/~hmaon/hbef/

It also supports function calls but with an extra stack for return
addresses. It also has a third stack for something else that I never
actually used. This is the doc: http://bumba.net/~hmaon/hbef/newops.txt
http://bumba.net/~hmaon/hbef/cheapbeer.hbf is the only real program.
It actually runs slower than a pure Befunge-93 "99 bottles..." program
does in the same interpreter. :)

Of course, this thing is rather uh... ingenuous? Unsophisticatd? (As opposed to
ingenious. It's disingenious but that's not a word. "Disingenuous" is a
word but it's sort of the opposite of what I mean.) Anyway, it's really
unfungeish in a mostly uninteresting way.

Personally, of the ideas you listed, I like the "high-altitude solution"
the most. I really don't like the color-coding idea; one of my good
friends is color blind and I wouldn't want to alienate him even if Paul
Klee doesn't care.

-- 
Greg V. (hmaon)

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From esoteric@oiva.sange.fi Wed Dec 31 05:01:46 2003
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From: Panu Kalliokoski <pkalliok@cs.helsinki.fi>
To: Brian Thompson <brianct@u.washington.edu>
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Subject: [lang] Re: Help with a new language
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On Mon, Dec 15, 2003 at 01:47:27AM -0800, Brian Thompson wrote:
> The most important lesson that I took from my first programming class
> is that good programming code is modular - it saves space and time to
> write one Foo function every time you want to Foo something, yet
> Befunge has no way of calling functions (or methods or proceedures, in

Well, depends on how general you want to be.  Befunge already gives you
means to go to a specific piece of code from many sources, you only have
to implement the return operation; and you can do that by writing some
"<>^v" instructions somewhere after the exit point of the routine.  And
cleaning them up afterwards.

Panu

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personal contact: atehwa@iki.fi, +35841 5323835
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